Table 1 Baseline Characteristics presented as mean ± standard deviation for continuous or N (%) for categorical data

N

94

20

Age (years)

60.8 ± 11.1

57.2 ± 11.6

0.72

Male gender, n (%)

76 (81)

14 (70)

0.34

Body mass index, kg/m²

28.7 ± 4.3

–

–

Duration of diabetes, years

5.1 ± 4.5

–

–

HbA1c, mmol/mol

61.6 ± 15.6

37.1 ± 4.6

< 0.0001

Median HbA1c since diagnosis, mmol/mol

63.8 ± 15.2

–

–

Maximum HbA1c since diagnosis, mmol/mol

85.0 ± 24.6

–

–

Microalbuminuria, n (%)

45 (48)

–

–

Systolic BP, mmHg^a

131.1 ± 15.2

127.8 ± 15.5

0.93

Diastolic BP, mmHg^a

72.3 ± 9.0

76.9 ± 10.3

0.05

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

4.3 ± 1.1

5.2 ± 0.9

0.003

Smoking

15 (16)

0

–

Metformin

83 (88)

0

–

Sulphonylurea

32 (34)

0

–

Gliptin

10 (11)

0

–

Other hypoglycaemic

4 (4)

0

–

Insulin

0

0

–

ACE inhibitor

0

0

–

Beta blocker

3 (3)

0

–

Calcium channel blocker

10 (11)

1 (5)

0.44

Diuretic

4 (4)

0

–

Statin

66 (70)

3 (15)

< 0.0001

Aspirin

16 (17)

2 (10)

0.43

Serum aldosterone, pmol/L

306.3 ± 18.8

–

–

High sensitivity C reactive protein, mg/L

3.5 ± 5.5

–

–

Ascending aortic distensibility, 10⁻³ mmHg⁻¹

1.81 ± 1.16

2.78 ± 1.67

0.002

Descending aortic distensibility, 10⁻³ mmHg⁻¹

2.11 ± 1.05

3.47 ± 1.54

0.0002

Pulse wave velocity, m/s

8.00 ± 2.87

7.58 ± 2.11

0.74