Table 5 Comparison of baseline characteristics between patients who completed follow-up study (n = 254) and patients who loss to follow-up study (n = 20)

Demographic and clinical characteristics

 Age (years)

70.9 ± 4.3

72 ± 5.1

 Male gender (n, %)

142 (55.9)

8 (40.0)

 Weight (kg)

85.8 ± 17.3

85.7 ± 16.7

 BMI (kg/m²)

30.2 ± 5.9

31.1 ± 5.6

 Waist circumference (cm)

103.1 ± 13.3

107.3 ± 15.3

 Obesity (n, %)

124 (48.8)

11 (55.0)

 Heart rate (n/min)

69 ± 11

71 ± 13

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

139 ± 14

141 ± 23

 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

81 ± 10

80 ± 10

 Hypertension (n, %)

190 (74.8)

14 (70.0)

 Family history of HF (n, %)

73 (28.7)

7 (35.0)

 Past chemotherapy (n, %)

22 (8.7)

3 (15.0)

 Past heart disease (n, %)

14 (5.5)

2 (10.0)

 HbA1c (mmol/mol)

53.4 ± 10.2

54.2 ± 9.5

 HbA1c > 64 mmol/mol (n, %)

32 (12.6)

4 (20)

Medication

 Insulin (n, %)

60 (23.6)

5 (25.0)

 Metformin (n, %)

175 (68.9)

9 (45.0)

 ACEi/ARB (n, %)

171 (67.3)

12 (60.0)

 Beta-blockers (n, %)

15 (5.9)

0 (0)

 Calcium antagonists (n, %)

62 (24.3)

2 (10.0)

 Diuretics (n, %)

27 (10.6)

4 (20.0)

 Lipid lowering meds (n, %)

123 (48.4)

10 (50.0)

Questionnaire

 PHQ-9 score

3.2 ± 4.3

2.8 ± 5.1

 0–4

194 (76.4)

16 (80.0)

 5–9

35 (13.8)

2 (10.0)

 10–20

24 (9.4)

1 (5.0)

 ≥ 20

1 (0.4)

1 (5.0)

Echocardiography

 LVEF (%)

63.1 ± 6.5

63.0 ± 5.1

 E wave (m/s)

0.65 ± 0.16

0.74 ± 0.26

 A wave (m/s)

0.83 ± 0.19

0.88 ± 0.25

 E/A ratio

0.79 ± 0.21

0.79 ± 0.28

 e′ (m/s)

0.08 ± 0.02

0.08 ± 0.02

 E/e′ ratio

9.2 ± 2.7

9.8 ± 3.1

 E/e′ ratio > 13 (n, %)

26 (10.2)

3 (15.0)

 DT (s)

247.0 ± 52.8

244.6 ± 50.7

 LV mass index (g/m²)

85.6 ± 19.3

86.9 ± 15.4

 LV mass index (g/m^1.7)

74.5 ± 21.1

73.3 ± 17.2

 LV hypertrophy (n, %)^a

35 (13.8)

1 (5.9)