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Fig. 2 | Cardiovascular Diabetology

Fig. 2

From: Mendelian randomization analysis to assess a causal effect of haptoglobin on macroangiopathy in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients

Fig. 2

Framework of the Mendelian randomization analysis used in this study. The solid lines represent the observed associations in the three-way study: β1 for the effect size estimate of common variants of the Hp (haptoglobin) gene on serum Hp levels, OR2 for the association between Hp levels and diabetic macroangiopathy, and OR3 for the observed association between common variants of the Hp gene and diabetic macroangiopathy. The dashed line represents the predicted association between common variants of the Hp gene and diabetic macroangiopathy: OR4 was calculated as exp(β1 × loge OR2). OR3 for the observed association and OR4 for the predicted association between common variants of the Hp gene and diabetic macroangiopathy in the current study were both larger than 1

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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840