Table 3 Behaviour of blood pressure and vascular parameters before and after 2-day treatment with dapagliflozin or hydrochlorothiazide
|  | Dapagliflozin (n = 16) | Hydrochlorothiazide (n = 10) | p value (time × treatment interaction) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Visit 0 | Visit 1 | Visit 0 | Visit 1 | ||
Office systolic BP (mmHg) | 130.6 ± 12.8 | 125.4 ± 11.2 | 137.2 ± 12.6 | 128.8 ± 11.2a | 0.44 |
Office diastolic BP (mmHg) | 75.3 ± 6.3 | 74.1 ± 6.9 | 76.1 ± 9.2 | 69.2 ± 7.3 | 0.06 |
Office pulse pressure (mmHg) | 55.3 ± 11.2 | 51.3 ± 12.1 | 61.1 ± 10.4 | 59.6 ± 10.5 | 0.45 |
Pulse wave velocity (m/s) dir*0.8 | 10.1 ± 1.6 | 8.8 ± 1.6ab | 11.0 ± 2.8 | 11.1 ± 2.6 | 0.03 |
Augmentation index (%) | 30.2 ± 9.3 | 29.3 ± 11.2b | 26.2 ± 5.3 | 22.1 ± 6.6 | 0.22 |
Augmentation index@75 (%) | 26.3 ± 7.5 | 24.8 ± 10.1b | 22.4 ± 5.8 | 19.6 ± 5.1 | 0.58 |
Central systolic BP (mmHg) | 119.7 ± 10.6 | 116.0 ± 10.7 | 125.5 ± 11.1 | 115.2 ± 11.5 | 0.17 |
Central pulse pressure (mmHg) | 44.2 ± 8.2 | 40.8 ± 11.5 | 48.4 ± 9.5 | 45.0 ± 10.3 | 0.99 |
Mean BP (mmHg) | 94.4 ± 7.8 | 92.5 ± 6.6 | 97.5 ± 9.2 | 89.5 ± 7.5 | 0.11 |
Augmented pressure (mmHg) | 13.6 ± 6.1 | 12.6 ± 7.5 | 12.8 ± 4.9 | 10.5 ± 5.1 | 0.44 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 67.0 ± 12.0 | 65.5 ± 11.7b | 67.1 ± 8.7 | 69.8 ± 9.3 | 0.04 |
Brachial artery diameter (mm) | 4.29 ± 0.88b | 4.46 ± 1.07a | 4.52 ± 0.54 | 4.49 ± 0.51 | 0.03 |
Flow-mediated dilation (%) | 2.81 ± 2.25 | 4.02 ± 2.09ab | 2.99 ± 0.91 | 2.63 ± 1.01 | 0.02 |
Baseline shear rate (s−1) | 199 ± 78b | 140 ± 66a | 279 ± 108 | 301 ± 118 | < 0.001 |
Hyperemic shear rate (s−1) | 787 ± 292 | 536 ± 337ab | 927 ± 299 | 889 ± 399 | 0.05 |
Response to GTN (%) | 6.36 ± 3.48 | 6.16 ± 2.87 | 4.11 ± 2.83 | 3.58 ± 2.89 | 0.85 |
Renal resistive index | 0.62 ± 0.04 | 0.59 ± 0.05a | 0.62 ± 0.05 | 0.62 ± 0.04 | 0.04 |
Dynamic renal resistive index (%) | − 6.10 ± 3.70 | − 2.27 ± 4.39 | − 2.96 ± 3.94 | − 0.91 ± 3.8 | 0.43 |