Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants
Statin use | None | Total | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 10,682) | (n = 2043) | (n = 12,725) | ||
Demographics | ||||
Age (years). mean (SD) | 59.4 (12.7) | 54.3 (18.2) | 58.6 (13.8) | <0.001 |
Gender. no. (%) | ||||
Female | 5258 (49) | 1122 (55) | 6380 (50) | <0.001 |
Smoking status. no (%) | ||||
Non-smoker | 5549 (52) | 1137 (56) | 6686 (52) | |
Ex-smoker | 3634 (34) | 543 (27) | 4177 (33) | <0.001 |
Current | 1499 (14) | 363 (18) | 1862 (15) | |
Alcohol status. no (%) | ||||
Never | 3431 (32) | 614 (30) | 4045 (32) | |
Ex-drinker | 1133 (11) | 320 (16) | 1453 (11) | <0.001 |
Current | 6118 (57) | 1109 (54) | 7227 (57) | |
Deprivation. no (%) | ||||
Least deprived | 2151 (21) | 403 (21) | 2554 (20) | |
Second quintile | 2089 (20) | 382 (20) | 2471 (19) | |
Third quintile | 2255 (22) | 422 (22) | 2677 (21) | 0.631 |
Fourth quintile | 2171 (21) | 399 (21) | 2570 (20) | |
Most deprived | 1591 (16) | 327 (17) | 1918 (15) | |
Clinical parameters. mean (SD) | ||||
HbA1c (%) | 8.7 (1.8) | 8.7 (2.0) | 8.7 (1.8) | 0.556 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 32.7 (6.9) | 32.8 (7.2) | 32.7 (6.9) | 0.252 |
Diabetes durationa (years) | 4.0 (4.9) | 2.5 (4.3) | 3.8 (4.9) | <0.001 |
Time on insulin (years) | 3.7 (6.3) | 2.3 (6.0) | 3.5 (6.3) | <0.001 |
Height (m) | 1.7 (0.1) | 1.7 (0.1) | 1.7 (0.1) | 0.860 |
Weight (kg) | 91.4 (18.8) | 91.9 (19.1) | 91.5 (18.8) | 0.268 |
DBP (mmHg) | 76.5 (10.8) | 76.9 (11.1) | 76.6 (10.9) | 0.129 |
SBP (mmHg) | 136.4 (23.0) | 134.6 (23.4) | 136.1 (23.1) | 0.002 |
Albumin (g/L) | 4.1 (0.4) | 4.0 (0.4) | 4.1 (0.4) | 0.002 |
ACR (mg/mol) | 5.7 (8.4) | 5.2 (8.5) | 5.6 (8.5) | 0.014 |
eGFR (mLs/min/1.73 m2) | 64.6 (21.0) | 68.0 (22.0) | 65.1 (21.2) | <0.001 |
TC. (mmol/L) | 4.6 (1.3) | 4.7 (1.4) | 4.6 (1.3) | <0.001 |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 2.0 (1.2) | 2.0 (1.2) | 2.0 (1.2) | 0.072 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 2.4 (1.1) | 2.5 (1.1) | 2.4 (1.1) | <0.001 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.3 (0.5) | 0.225 |
BMI categories, no. (%) | ||||
Normal | 1371 (13) | 294 (14) | 1665 (13) | |
Overweight | 2533 (24) | 489 (24) | 3022 (24) | 0.131 |
Obese | 6778 (63) | 1260 (62) | 8038 (63) | |
Use of medications, no. (%) | ||||
Aspirin | 10,481 (95) | 1541 (94) | 12,022 (94) | 0.723 |
Antihypertensives | 9321 (87) | 1217 (91) | 10,538 (83) | <0.001 |
GLTsb no (%) | ||||
Dual Therapy | 2334 (22) | 904 (44) | 3238 (28) | |
Triple Therapy | 3400 (33) | 609 (30) | 4009 (33) | <0.001 |
More than triple therapy | 4948 (45) | 669 (26) | 5478 (39) | |
Comorbidities, no. (%) | ||||
Hypoglycaemia | 1824 (17) | 313 (15) | 2137 (17) | 0.052 |
Heart failure | 641 (6) | 72 (4) | 713 (6) | <0.001 |
PAD | 756 (7) | 67 (3) | 823 (7) | <0.001 |
CHD | 1390 (13) | 75 (4) | 1465 (12) | <0.001 |