Diabetic retinopathy is associated with diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Table 4 Echocardiographic parameters of patients with diabetes and dilated cardiomyopathy with or without retinopathy

Variable	DR group	No DR group	P value
LVDd (mm)	58.1 ± 6.2	57.7 ± 10.3	0.569
LVDs (mm)	46.2 ± 8.9	47.1 ± 14.3	0.833
IVSd (mm)	10.6 ± 2.2	10.2 ± 1.6	0.843
IVSs (mm)	13.2 ± 3.2	13.2 ± 2.1	0.900
PWd (mm)	10.6 ± 2.2	10.4 ± 1.7	0.852
PWs (mm)	13.9 ± 2.6	13.9 ± 2.1	0.908
RWT	0.4 ± 0.1	0.4 ± 0.1	0.726
LVEF (%)	35.4 ± 16.0	40.7 ± 18.3	0.312
LVFS (%)	19.5 ± 8.5	23.8 ± 10.1	0.191
LV mass (g)	253.4 ± 74.4	252.2 ± 88.8	0.964
LV mass index (g/m²)	154.9 ± 38.6	140.2 ± 44.3	0.438
E (m/s)	0.89 ± 0.32	0.67 ± 0.21	0.088
A (m/s)	0.74 ± 0.31	0.80 ± 0.20	0.619
E/A ratio	1.55 ± 1.08	0.78 ± 0.16	0.231
E′ (m/s)	0.04 ± 0.02	0.06 ± 0.01	0.021*
E/E′ ratio	23.75 ± 13.37	11.71 ± 3.50	0.022*

A peak late diastolic mitral inflow velocity, E peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity, E′ early diastolic mitral annular velocity, IVSd interventricular septal thickness at end-diastole, IVSs interventricular septal thickness at end-systole, LV left ventricular, LVDd left ventricle dimension at end-diastole, LVDs left ventricle dimension at end-systole, PWd posterior wall thickness at end-diastole, PWs posterior wall thickness at end-systole, RWT relative wall thickness
* P < 0.05 by independent t test or Mann–Whitney test

ISSN: 1475-2840