|
Parameters
|
Betatrophin
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Q1 (n = 138)
|
Q2 (n = 139)
|
Q3 (n = 138)
|
Q4 (n = 138)
|
|---|
|
Male gender, n (%)
|
73 (52.9 %)
|
73 (52.5 %)
|
73 (52.9 %)
|
73 (52.9 %)
|
/
|
|
Age (years)
|
20.5 ± 3.1
|
20.0 ± 2.8
|
19.8 ± 2.9
|
20.4 ± 2.9
|
0.170
|
|
Obesity traits
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
25.5 ± 5.5
|
24.7 ± 5.2
|
25.9 ± 6.0
|
26.6 ± 5.9
|
0.051
|
|
WC (cm)
|
85.1 ± 13.8
|
83.1 ± 13.5
|
85.2 ± 15.5
|
87.3 ± 15.2
|
0.120
|
|
Percent body fat
|
30.1 ± 10.2
|
29.4 ± 9.5
|
30.2 ± 10.3
|
31.5 ± 10.4
|
0.346
|
|
Pressures (mm Hg)
|
|
SBP
|
115 ± 14.9
|
113 ± 12.1
|
115 ± 13.5
|
116 ± 15.5
|
0.331
|
|
DBP
|
72 ± 10.7
|
73 ± 10.5
|
72.9 ± 9.5
|
75 ± 11.3
|
0.402
|
|
Lipids (mmol/l)
|
|
TC
|
4.27 ± 0.82
|
4.19 ± 0.82
|
4.29 ± 0.79
|
4.65 ± 1.17*,+,$
|
<0.001
|
|
TG
|
0.98 ± 0.53
|
1.02 ± 0.44
|
1.17 ± 0.85*
|
1.37 ± 1.23*,+
|
<0.001
|
|
LDL-C
|
2.49 ± 0.71
|
2.40 ± 0.73
|
2.47 ± 0.66
|
2.77 ± 0.98*,+,$
|
<0.001
|
|
HDL-C
|
1.44 ± 0.29
|
1.42 ± 0.31
|
1.43 ± 0.35
|
1.45 ± 0.34
|
0.870
|
|
Glucose and insulin-related traits
|
|
Glucose0 (mmol/l)
|
4.86 ± 0.51
|
4.97 ± 1.12
|
4.89 ± 0.44
|
4.95 ± 0.48
|
0.495
|
|
Glucose30 (mmol/l)
|
7.79 ± 1.33
|
7.99 ± 1.80
|
7.91 ± 1.42
|
8.05 ± 1.43
|
0.545
|
|
Glucose120 (mmol/l)
|
5.92 ± 1.30
|
6.01 ± 2.68
|
6.18 ± 1.45
|
6.15 ± 1.65
|
0.631
|
|
HbA1c (%)
|
5.34 ± 0.37
|
5.42 ± 0.66
|
5.35 ± 0.36
|
5.40 ± 0.48
|
0.515
|
|
Insulin0 (mU/L)a
|
1.91 ± 0.71
|
1.88 ± 0.66
|
1.96 ± 0.74
|
1.98 ± 0.84
|
0.665
|
|
Insulin30 (mU/L)a
|
4.30 ± 0.72
|
4.20 ± 0.63
|
4.31 ± 0.76
|
4.20 ± 0.78
|
0.460
|
|
Insulin120 (mU/L)a
|
3.61 ± 0.79
|
3.53 ± 0.79
|
3.61 ± 0.70
|
3.65 ± 0.90
|
0.661
|
|
HOMA-IRa
|
0.37 ± 0.75
|
0.36 ± 0.70
|
0.43 ± 0.75
|
0.46 ± 0.87
|
0.636
|
|
ISI
aM
|
1.79 ± 0.65
|
1.83 ± 0.58
|
1.77 ± 0.65
|
1.79 ± 0.72
|
0.872
|
|
IGIa
|
0.29 ± 0.84
|
0.16 ± 0.76
|
0.26 ± 0.83
|
0.16 ± 0.80
|
0.423
|
|
DIOa
|
2.09 ± 0.87
|
2.00 ± 0.79
|
2.02 ± 0.65
|
1.93 ± 0.77
|
0.436
|
|
Hepar and renal-related traits
|
|
AST (IU/L)a
|
2.91 ± 0.25
|
2.96 ± 0.35
|
2.94 ± 0.28
|
2.97 ± 0.39
|
0.412
|
|
ALT (IU/L)a
|
2.92 ± 0.49
|
2.94 ± 0.52
|
2.95 ± 0.53
|
3.04 ± 0.60
|
0.248
|
|
Creatinine (umol/L)a
|
4.17 ± 0.19
|
4.19 ± 0.23
|
4.19 ± 0.19
|
4.22 ± 0.28
|
0.333
|
|
Uric acid (umol/L)a
|
5.80 ± 0.26
|
5.83 ± 0.25
|
5.86 ± 0.30
|
5.88 ± 0.27
|
0.098
|
|
Adipokines
|
|
FGF21 (pg/ml)a
|
4.41 ± 1.00
|
4.34 ± 1.03
|
4.44 ± 1.16
|
4.41 ± 1.30
|
0.914
|
|
Adiponectin (μg/mL)a
|
1.88 ± 0.65
|
1.94 ± 0.57
|
1.90 ± 0.68
|
1.89 ± 0.75
|
0.885
|
|
Betatrophin (pg/ml)a
|
5.37 ± 0.15
|
5.66 ± 0.09*
|
5.82 ± 0.08*,+
|
6.24 ± 0.43*,+,$
|
<0.001
|
|
Vitamin D (ng/ml)a
|
2.70 ± 0.36
|
2.70 ± 0.41
|
2.64 ± 0.35
|
2.53 ± 0.47*,+
|
0.003
|
- Data were expressed as n (%), mean ± SD
- One-way ANOVA where differences versus quintile 1 are indicated as * P < 0.05, differences versus quintile 2 are indicated as + P < 0.05, differences versus quintile 3 are indicated as $ P < 0.05. Quartile values of betatrophin are expressed as Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 (pg/ml). For female: Q1, 127.5–41.8; Q2, 241.8–87.0; Q3, 287.0–56.9; Q4, 356.9–438.5. For male: Q1, 142.2–76.8; Q2, 276.8–29.3; Q3, 329.3–89.5; Q4, 389.5–475.6
- Values in italics are significant at P < 0.05
-
BMI body mass index; WC waist circumference; SBP Systolic blood pressure; DBP Diastolic blood pressure; TC total cholesterol; TG triglycerides; LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; ISIM insulin sensitivity Matsuda index; IGI insulinogenesis index; DIO oral disposition index; AST aspartate aminotransferase; ALT alanine aminotransferase; FGF21 fibroblast growth factor 21
-
aSkewed distributions were natural logarithmically transformed. Vitamin D was adjusting for visiting season
