Determinants of growth differentiation factor 15 in patients with stable and acute coronary artery disease. A prospective observational study

Table 2 Unadjusted and adjusted OR for elevated GDF-15 in patients with CAD undergoing PCI

Variable	Unadjusted OR and 95th CI	P value	Adjusted OR and 95th CI	P value
Advanced age (>75 years)	10.754 (6.003–19266)	<0.0001	8.262 (3.852–17.722)	<0.0001
Female gender	1.414 (0.958–2.087)	0.081
ACS diagnosis	1.513 (1.045–2.191)	0.028	0.912 (0.506–1.645)	0.760
AHG in patients with ACS	3.297 (1.567–6.938)	0.002	2.815 (1.070–7.403)	0.036
DM	1.932 (1.286–2.903)	0.002	2.210 (1.222–3.995)	0.009
Previous MI	1.606 (1.060–2.432)	0.025	1.514 (0.806–2.844)	0.197
CKD	12.939 (6.071–27.574)	<0.0001	6.846 (2.858–16.400)	<0.0001
NYHA ≥2 at presentation	1.984 (1.050–3.746)	0.035	1.647 (0.726–3.739)	0.233
Current smoking	1.930 (1.284–2.901)	0.002	0.903 (0.512–1.595)	0.726
Obesity (BMI >25 kg/m²)	1.606 (1.050–2.455)	0.029	2.184 (1.149–4.149)	0.017
Elevated CRP at admission	1.831 (1.206–2.781)	0.005	2.380 (1.377–4.114)	0.002

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, ACS acute coronary syndrome, AHG acute hyperglycemia, DM diabetes mellitus, MI myocardial infarction, CKD chronic kidney disease, NYHA New York Heart Association, BMI body mass index, CRP high sensitive C-reactive protein

ISSN: 1475-2840