Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics

Age (years)

68.8 ± 9.9 (37–88)

Male (%)

71.5

BMI (kg/m²)

25.7 ± 4.1

Blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) (mmHg)

133.6 ± 19.2/74.8 ± 11.6

Cardiovascular risk factors ≥3 (%)

79.2

 Hypertension

87.0

 Dyslipidemia

65.2

 Cardiovascular disease

42.0

  Coronary artery disease

39.6

  ASO

2.4

  Cerebral infarction

2.9

 Senior (≥65 years)

73.4

 Current smoking

16.6

 Obesity (BMI ≥25)

52.9

 Hyperuricemia (≥7.0 mg/dL)

19.9

Combination of oral hypoglycemic drugs (%)

Pre-

Post-

 None

52.6

56.3

 Sulfonylurea

21.3

19.4

 α-Glucosidase inhibitor

17.9

16.5

 Thiazolidinedione

14.5

12.6

 Biguanide

10.6

10.6

 Glinide

6.3

2.4

ACEI/ARB

63.6

Calcium channel blocker

41.5

Statin

58.3