Table 4 Subgroup analysis of hazard ratios of cardiovascular diseases and hypoglycemic events associated with various antidiabetic drugs, as compared to DPP4i as reference, in the patients with CVD history
| Â | Time at risk (person-years) | Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) | Unadjusted HR (95Â % CI) | Adjusted HR* (95Â % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MACEs | ||||
Antidiabetic drug (ref. = DPP4i) | 11,532 | 71.79 | – | – |
No antidiabetic drug | 43,967 | 109.05 | 1.47 (1.32, 1.62) | 1.27 (1.14, 1.40) |
Sulfonylureas | 40,852 | 67.48 | 0.92 (0.82, 1.01) | 0.97 (0.87, 1.08) |
Acarbose | 9972 | 80.52 | 1.10 (0.97, 1.24) | 1.01 (0.89, 1.14) |
Meglitinides | 6346 | 160.39 | 2.16 (1.91, 2.44) | 1.54 (1.36, 1.73) |
Insulin | 3919 | 362.57 | 4.90 (0.68, 0.84) | 3.30 (2.90, 3.75) |
Metformin | 67,237 | 56.33 | 0.76 (0.51, 0.83) | 0.88 (0.78, 0.97) |
Pioglitazone | 1683 | 48.72 | 0.65 (0.51, 0.83) | 0.74 (0.57, 0.95) |
Rosiglitazone | 186 | 75.00 | 0.91 (0.53, 1.54) | 0.96 (0.56, 1.64) |
Ischemic stroke | ||||
Antidiabetic drug (ref. = DPP4i) | 11,532 | 37.02 | – | – |
No antidiabetic drug | 43,967 | 61.47 | 1.61 (1.39, 1.85) | 1.38 (1.19, 1.59) |
Sulfonylureas | 40,852 | 40.19 | 1.06 (0.91, 1.22) | 1.07 (0.92, 1.23) |
Acarbose | 9972 | 41.51 | 1.10 (0.92, 1.29) | 1.01 (0.85,1.18) |
Meglitinides | 6346 | 79.40 | 2.08 (1.75, 2.45) | 1.48 (1.24, 1.74) |
Insulin | 3919 | 183.96 | 4.82 (4.10, 5.65) | 3.37 (2.86, 3.96) |
Metformin | 67,237 | 36.78 | 0.97 (0.84, 1.10) | 1.05 (0.91, 1.20) |
Pioglitazone | 1683 | 23.17 | 0.60 (0.43, 0.84) | 0.67 (0.47, 0.94) |
Rosiglitazone | 186 | 42.85 | 1.01 (0.50, 2.02) | 0.99 (0.49, 2.00) |
Myocardial infarction | ||||
Antidiabetic drug (ref. = DPP4i) | 11,532 | 8.67 | – | – |
No antidiabetic drug | 43,967 | 11.05 | 1.38 (1.08, 1.76) | 1.34 (1.04, 1.71) |
Sulfonylureas | 40,852 | 7.31 | 0.87 (0.68, 1.10) | 0.99 (0.72, 1.26) |
Acarbose | 9972 | 7.82 | 0.92 (0.67, 1.26) | 0.91 (0.66, 1.25) |
Meglitinides | 6346 | 13.86 | 1.65 (1.23, 2.20) | 1.32 (0.98, 1.77) |
Insulin | 3919 | 27.81 | 3.25 (2.45, 4.30) | 2.41 (1.80, 3.21) |
Metformin | 67,237 | 5.35 | 0.64 (0.50, 0.80) | 0.78 (0.61, 0.98) |
Pioglitazone | 1683 | 7.12 | 0.83 (0.45, 1.52) | 0.93 (0.50, 1.71) |
Rosiglitazone | 186 | 10.71 | 1.32 (0.33, 5.32) | 1.46 (0.36, 5.81) |
Heart failure | ||||
Antidiabetic drug (ref. = DPP4i) | 11,532 | 30.26 | – | – |
No antidiabetic drug | 43,967 | 48.71 | 1.52 (1.29, 1.78) | 1.28 (1.08, 1.49) |
Sulfonylureas | 40,852 | 24.03 | 0.77 (0.65, 0.90) | 0.86 (0.72, 1.02) |
Acarbose | 9972 | 36.19 | 1.17 (0.97, 1.39) | 1.07 (0.89, 1.28) |
Meglitinides | 6346 | 77.36 | 2.45 (2.03, 2.95) | 1.66 (1.38, 1.98) |
Insulin | 3919 | 178.60 | 5.72 (4.78, 6.83) | 3.52 (2.88, 4.28) |
Metformin | 67,237 | 17.20 | 0.55 (0.46, 0.64) | 0.68 (0.57, 0.80) |
Pioglitazone | 1683 | 23.17 | 0.73 (0.50, 1.07) | 0.89 (0.59, 1.31) |
Rosiglitazone | 186 | 21.42 | 0.61 (0.22, 1.63) | 0.72 (0.26, 1.97) |
Hypoglycemia | ||||
Antidiabetic drug (ref. = DPP4i) | 11,532 | 7.37 | – | – |
No antidiabetic drug | 43,967 | 7.32 | 0.92 (0.70, 1.20) | 0.83 (0.63, 1.07) |
Sulfonylureas | 40,852 | 10.13 | 1.31 (1.02, 1.67) | 1.44 (1.12, 1.82) |
Acarbose | 9972 | 7.52 | 0.98 (0.72, 1.32) | 0.92 (0.68, 1.24) |
Meglitinides | 6346 | 24.10 | 3.09 (2.35, 4.03) | 2.20 (1.68, 2.88) |
Insulin | 3919 | 45.67 | 5.91 (4.50, 7.74) | 3.73 (2.77, 5.01) |
Metformin | 67,237 | 3.56 | 0.46 (0.35, 0.59) | 0.54 (0.42, 0.70) |
Pioglitazone | 1683 | 8.31 | 1.08 (0.61, 1.90) | 1.25 (0.70, 2.20) |
Rosiglitazone | 186 | 21.42 | 2.31 (0.84, 6.32) | 2.42 (0.88, 6.65) |