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Table 4 Number and incidence rates of all-cause mortality, CVD event and severe chronic kidney disease

From: Effect of metformin monotherapy on cardiovascular diseases and mortality: a retrospective cohort study on Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Event

Cumulative incidence

Incidence rate (cases/1000 person-years)

Person-years

Median follow-up periods (months)

No. of event

Rate (%)

Estimate

95 % CIa

Full cohort (N = 11,293)

 All-cause mortality

397

3.52

8.713

(7.877–9.614)

45,561.5

60.5

 CVD

610

5.40

13.527

(12.474–14.644)

45,095.8

58.5

  CHD

294

2.60

6.482

(5.763–7.267)

45,353.5

59.5

  Stroke

266

2.36

5.865

(5.182–6.614)

45,351.9

59.5

  Heart failure

139

1.23

3.055

(2.569–3.608)

45,493.0

60.5

 Severe CKD

333

2.95

5.266

(4.716–5.864)

63,230.1

60.5

MM group (N = 7493)

 All-cause Mortality

240

3.20

7.591

(6.661–8.615)

31,615.0

62.5

 CVD

382

5.10

12.204

(11.011–13.492)

31,300.8

61.5

  CHD

176

2.35

5.591

(4.796–6.481)

31,477.2

61.5

  Stroke

170

2.27

5.403

(4.621–6.279)

31,466.3

61.5

  Heart failure

85

1.13

2.692

(2.150–3.328)

31,580.7

62.5

 Severe CKD

230

3.07

7.275

(6.365–8.278)

31,615.0

62.5

Control group (N = 3800)

 All-cause Mortality

157

4.13

11.257

(9.565–13.162)

13,946.5

45.5

 CVD

228

6.00

16.528

(14.452–18.818)

13,795.0

44.5

  CHD

118

3.11

8.504

(7.039–10.184)

13,876.3

45

  Stroke

96

2.53

6.914

(5.600–8.443)

13,885.6

44.5

  Heart failure

54

1.42

3.881

(2.916–5.064)

13,912.3

45.5

 Severe CKD

103

2.71

7.385

(6.028–8.957)

13,946.5

45.5

Propensity score-matched cohort (N = 6800)

 All-cause mortality

249

3.66

9.104

(8.009–10.308)

27,349.6

60.5

 CVD

366

5.38

13.527

(12.177–14.987)

27,056.3

58.5

  CHD

183

2.69

6.724

(5.785–7.772)

27,217.4

59.5

  Stroke

162

2.38

5.951

(5.070–6.942)

27,221.0

59.5

  Heart failure

77

1.13

2.821

(2.226–3.525)

27,298.1

60.5

 Severe CKD

197

2.90

7.203

(6.232–8.282)

27,349.6

60.5

MM group (N = 3400)

 All-cause mortality

113

3.32

7.493

(6.175–9.008)

15,081.4

62.5

 CVD

169

4.97

11.330

(9.686–13.173)

14,915.8

62.5

  CHD

81

2.38

5.398

(4.287–6.710)

15,004.7

62.5

  Stroke

76

2.24

5.065

(3.990–6.339)

15,006.4

62.5

  Heart failure

34

1.00

2.257

(1.563–3.154)

15,062.0

62.5

 Severe CKD

112

3.29

7.426

(6.115–8.936)

15,081.4

62.5

Control group (N = 3400)

 All-cause mortality

136

4.00

11.086

(9.301–13.113)

12,268.2

44.5

 CVD

197

5.79

16.227

(14.040–18.658)

12,140.6

43.5

  CHD

102

3.00

8.352

(6.810–10.139)

12,212.8

43.5

  Stroke

86

2.53

7.041

(5.632–8.695)

12,214.6

43.5

  Heart failure

43

1.26

3.514

(2.543–4.734)

12,236.1

43.5

 Severe CKD

85

2.50

6.929

(5.534–8.567)

12,268.2

44.5

  1. MM metformin monotherapy, CVD cardiovascular disease, CHD coronary heart disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, DM diabetes mellitus, CI confidence interval, CKD chronic kidney disease
  2. aThe 95 % CI was constructed based on Poisson distribution
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840