High-sensitivity c-reactive protein and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels are synergistically associated with metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling persons

Table 4 Interaction between hsCRP and GGT for metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance

	F (P-value)
Characteristics	Men, N = 822		Women, N = 1,097
	Metabolic syndrome	HOMA-IR ≥2.6†	Metabolic syndrome	HOMA-IR ≥2.6†
Age (years)	0.058 (0.810)	3.774 (0.052)	0.329 (0.566)	0.015 (0.902)
Smoking status, N (%)	2.097 (0.148)	4.359 (0.037)	1.252 (0.263)	3.667 (0.056)
Alcohol consumption, N (%)	6.959 (0.008)	10.29 (0.001)	3.454 (0.063)	0.306 (0.580)
Uric acid (mg/dL)	0.003 (0.954)	1.592 (0.207)	10.07 (0.002)	5.156 (0.023)
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)	0.679 (0.410)	1.820 (0.178)	1.161 (0.282)	0.172 (0.679)
Tertile of hsCRP	1.165 (0.281)	0.177 (0.674)	0.098 (0.755)	1.394 (0.238)
Tertile of GGT	0.196 (0.658)	0.813 (0.368)	0.440 (0.507)	0.944 (0.331)
Tertile of hsCRP * Tertile of GGT	5.965 (0.015)	6.684 (0.010)	5.898 (0.015)	12.86 (<0.001)

Metabolic syndrome was defined as having three or more of the following conditions: obesity, raised blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterolemia, and impaired fasting blood glucose. † Insulin resistance was defined as HOMA-IR ≥2.6. The net effect of each interaction was estimated using a general linear model.

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