A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of carbohydrate-reduced or fat-reduced diets in patients attending a telemedically guided weight loss program

Table 2 Energy and macronutrient intake and energy expenditure (intention-to-treat analysis)

Variable¹	DGE group (n = 100)²	LOGI group (n = 100)²	P value³
Calories (kcal/d)
Baseline	2192 (668)	2140 (696)	0.617
1 month	1759 (468)⁴	1697 (503)⁴	0.370
3 months	1755 (478)⁴	1700 (591)⁴	0.474
6 months	1783 (597)⁴	1742 (624)⁴	0.636
12 months	1854 (624)⁴	1866 (710)⁴	0.903
Carbohydrates (% energy)
Baseline	47.1 (7.9)	44.8 (8.6)	0.065
1 month	49.0 (8.2)	37.7 (11.4)⁴	< 0.001
3 months	49.8 (7.6)⁴	39.7 (11.0)⁴	< 0.001
6 months	49.5 (7.6)⁴	40.9 (10.1)⁴	< 0.001
12 months	50.1 (8.2)⁴	43.5 (9.9)	< 0.001
Fat (% energy)
Baseline	33.7 (6.9)	35.2 (8.1)	0.169
1 month	30.6 (7.2)⁴	38.1 (9.2)⁴	< 0.001
3 months	29.2 (6.5)⁴	37.1 (9.0)	< 0.001
6 months	29.7 (6.5)⁴	36.5 (9.5)	< 0.001
12 months	30.2 (7.0)⁴	34.2 (8.7)	0.001
Protein (% energy)
Baseline	16.0 (3.9)	16.8 (3.6)	0.164
1 month	17.8 (4.2)⁴	21.2 (6.1)⁴	< 0.001
3 months	17.8 (4.0)⁴	20.0 (4.3)⁴	< 0.001
6 months	17.7 (4.0)⁴	19.3 (4.7)⁴	0.012
12 months	16.7 (3.1)	18.9 (4.4)⁴	< 0.001
Energy expenditure (kcal/kg/d)
Baseline	32 (5)	31 (6)	0.864
1 month	33 (6)⁴	33 (7)⁴	0.876
3 months	34 (6)⁴	33 (6)⁴	0.252
6 months	34 (6)⁴	33 (6)⁴	0.315
12 months	34 (5)⁴	33 (6)⁴	0.618

¹mean (standard deviation) and percentage, respectively; ²DGE group; high carbohydrate diet; LOGI group; low carbohydrate diet; ³changes between study groups (unpaired t-test); ⁴change from baseline is significantly different within a subgroup (paired t-test).

ISSN: 1475-2840