Table 1 Clinical and metabolic parameters of the subjects
Parameters | Normal weight (N = 22) | Overweight (N = 34) | Obese (N = 34) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 38.38 ± 11.54 | 44.71 ± 6.15 | 44.13 ± 8.42* |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.54 ± 2.34 | 27.73 ± 2.21* | 35.76 ± 3.48 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 119.86 ± 14.26 | 127.53 ± 29.81 | 130.63 ± 15.78* |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 78.76 ± 9.15 | 76.82 ± 10.58 | 82.67 ± 12.77 |
Waist (cm) | 90.0 ± 8.98 | 91.45 ± 8.52 | 107.57 ± 10.21* |
Hips (cm) | 92.86 ± 7.31 | 97.48 ± 8.23 | 107.0 ± 14.24* |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 7.28 ± 3.4 | 8.49 ± 3.86 | 8.13 ± 4.1 |
Insulin (μIU/ml)# | 15.19 (1.83–42.75) | 16.2 (0.51–42.25) | 18.82 (2.45–55.82) |
HOMA-IR # | 5.46 (0.33–22.23) | 5.91 (0.17–14.68) | 7.0 (0.19–43.66) |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.93 ± 0.92 | 4.84 ± 1.07 | 4.7 ± 1.3 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.96 ± 0.75 | 2.77 ± 0.71 | 2.81 ± 1.01 |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.26 ± 0.34 | 1.22 ± 0.37 | 1.22 ± 0.32 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L)# | 1.33 (0.5–3.04) | 1.79 (0.43–7.41) | 2.01 (0.43–20.49) |
Leptin (ng/ml)# | 16.4 (3.2–45.90) | 24.86 (1.27–77.60) | 35.28 (4.04–120)* |
Adiponectin (μg/ml)# | 7.6 (2.39–16.90) | 4.6 (1.72–9.39)* | 4.7 (1.9–7.95) * |
CRP (μg/ml)# | 2.3 (0–13.30) | 5.2 (0–205.0) | 6.9 (0.07–34.20)* |
TNF-α (pg/ml) | 4.8 ± 1.88 | 4.7 ± 2.0 | 4.5 ± 1.6 |
IL-6 (pg/ml)# | 4.6 (0.07–10.34) | 4.9 (0.11–24.1) | 8.3 (0.28–45.30)* |
TGF-α (pg/ml)# | 13.8 (7.9–42.34) | 11.6 (7.0–28.58) | 12.3 (7.9–23.01) |