Table 1 Anthropometric and cardiometabolic characteristics according to ethnicity
Dutch Native | Turkish | Moroccan | Other | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | 95 (18.4) | 145 (28.1) | 133 (25.8) | 143 (27.7) | - |
Male (%) | 49.5 | 60.7 | 56.4 | 52.4 | 0.19 |
Pubertal (%) | 55.8 | 63.4 | 57.1 | 56.6 | 0.80 |
Age (years) | 11 ± 3 | 11 ± 3 | 10 ± 3 | 11 ± 3 | 0.23 |
Z-BMI | 2.6 ± 0.5 | 2.8 ± 0.5* | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 2.8 ± 4.5 | 0.03 |
Z-WC | 3.8 ± 1.2 | 4.1 ± 1.1 | 3.9 ± 1.3 | 3.8 ± 1.0 | 0.16 |
SBP (mmHg) | 116 ± 11 | 116 ± 12 | 113 ± 11 | 115 ± 12 | 0.11 |
DBP (mmHg) | 71 ± 8 | 73 ± 9† | 70 ± 8 | 71 ± 8 | 0.02 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.2 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 0.17 |
2-h plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.8 ± 0.9 | 5.9 ± 1.0 | 5.7 ± 0.9 | 5.9 ± 1.0 | 0.083 |
Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/L) | 95 (65–165) | 112 (83–167)‡ | 90 (58–138) | 112 (71–188)† | 0.002 |
HOMA-IR | 3.1 (2.0–5.4) | 3.6 (2.6–5.7)‡ | 3.0 (1.8–4.7) | 3.5 (2.4–6.1)† | 0.003 |
HOMA-B | 159 (109–258) | 177 (120–251)‡ | 138 (99–204) | 174 (112–288)† | 0.004 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.4 ± 0.9 | 4.3 ± 0.8 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 4.4 ± 0.7 | 0.23 |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.1 (0.9–1.2) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2)‡ | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 0.014 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 0.075 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3)‡ | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 1.1 (0.7–1.2)† | 0.004 |