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Figure 4 | Cardiovascular Diabetology

Figure 4

From: The DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin attenuates the progress of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein-E-knockout mice via AMPK- and MAPK-dependent mechanisms

Figure 4

Sitagliptin decreases the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and serum soluble adhesive molecules in ApoE-/- mice. Messenger (m)ribonu-cleic acid RNA (mRNA) expression levels, relative to those of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 (A), glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor (B), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 (C), and interleukin (IL)-6 (D), as measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in aortas (n = 6 each). Values represent the fold of the mean value measured in controls and are shown as mean ± SD; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. (E) Serum soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and P-selectin concentrations, as detected by ELISA (n = 10). Values are mean ± SD; *p < 0.05.

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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840