Figure 3

Triptolide attenuated diabetes-induced cardiac inflammation. (A-E) mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and NF-κB p65, as determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. (F-J) protein expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and NF-κB p65, as determined by western blot. (K) DNA-binding activity of free NF-κB p65 in nuclear extracts, as determined by TransAM™ NF-κB p65 Elisa. TP, L, low-dose triptolide (100 μg/kg/day); TP, M, medium-dose triptolide (200 μg/kg/day); TP, H, high-dose triptolide (400 μg/kg/day). *P < 0.05 versus control; ^#P < 0.05 versus DM, n = 10 per group.