High-density lipoprotein of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus upregulates cyclooxgenase-2 expression and prostacyclin I-2 release in endothelial cells: relationship with HDL-associated sphingosine-1-phosphate

Table 2 Subject Characteristics

Characteristic	Healthy controls (n=15)	T2DM (n=15)	T2DM-As (n=15)
Age, years	60.53±14.46	56.60±14.98	57.40±14.67
Sex, male/female	6:9	7:8	7:8
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	5.29±0.35	7.47±2.05^*	8.47±1.05^*#
HbA1c (%)	5.05±0.35	7.39±0.75^*	7.73±0.65^*#
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.04±0.20	2.13±1.00^*	2.72±0.59^*#
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	3.22±0.40	4.70±0.72^*	5.31±0.33^*#
HDL-c (mmol/L)	1.33±0.11	0.95±0.26^*	0.93±0.17^*
LDL-c (mmol/L)	1.96±0.23	2.93±0.79^*	3.25±0.68^*#

Abbreviations: HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Values are described as means ± SD.
^*P<0.001 versus healthy controls.
^# P<0.001 versus T2DM.

ISSN: 1475-2840