Table 1 Patient characteristics

Age (years)

64.8±12.1

Gender (male/female)

32/25

Body mass index (kg/m²)

25.6±4.8

Duration of diabetes (years)

14.0±11.9

Diabetes therapy

 diet only

9 (15.8)

 sulfonylurea

21 (36.8)

 pioglitazone

11 (19.3)

 metformin

8 (14.0)

 α-glucosidase inhibitor

9 (15.8)

 dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor

15 (26.3)

 insulin

15 (26.3)

Other treatments

 Lipid-lowering drugs

32(56.1)

 Antihypertensive drugs

31(54.4)

Current smokers

16 (28.1)

Prevalence cardiovascular disease

11 (19.3)

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

134.1±20.9

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

80.3±13.4

LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)

118.2±35.7

HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)

51.7±17.2

Triglyceride (mg/dl)

136.2±90.5

HbA1c (%)

9.0±1.6

Glucose

 Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)

161.3±46.5

 Average (mg/dl)^a

176.5±47.8

 SD (mg/dl) ^a

42.3±13.2

 MAGE (mg/dl) ^a

110.3±33.4

 MPPGE (mg/dl)^a

79.9±33.7

 Time at <70 mg/dl (%)^a

1.4±3.4

 Time at ≥140 mg/dl (%)^a

67.2±28.4

 Time at ≥200 mg/dl (%)^a

31.4±29.3

 L_RHI

0.5±0.2

 Baseline pulse amplitude

Total

8.1±3.5

 Men

8.1±3.1

 Women

8.0±3.9