Cardiovascular Diabetology

Table 1 Characteristics of participants by sex

From: Principal component analysis reveals gender-specific predictors of cardiometabolic risk in 6th graders

	Girls		Boys		p
	n	Mean/Frequency	n	Mean/Frequency
Children’s Factors
Age (yrs)	1486	11.5 ± 0.5	1390	11.6 ± 0.6	<.0001
BMI (kg/m²)	1486	21.4 ± 4.8	1390	21.2 ± 4.6	ns
Waist circumference (cm)	1478	70.9 ± 12.0	1378	73.9 ± 12.9	<.0001
SBP (mmHg)	1486	106.3 ± 10.4	1390	106.9 ± 10.7	ns
DBP (mmHg)	1486	68.9 ± 9.0	1390	68.8 ± 9.0	ns
HDL (mg/dl)	1486	51.1 ± 14.3	1390	51.7 ± 15.4	ns
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	1486	96.4 ± 57.8	1390	85.6 ± 48.2	<.0001
Glucose (mg/dl)	1486	93.2 ± 9.7	1390	94.8 ± 9.6	<.0001
VO₂ (ml/kg/min)	1449	37.4 ± 4.2	1358	44.0 ± 3.7	<.0001
Physically active (%) ^a	1406	25.3	1321	35.1	<.0001
Parental Factors
Mother’s age (yrs)	1412	38.5 ± 5.6	1322	39.0 ± 5.5	0.02
Mother’s BMI (kg/m²)	1211	27.0 ± 6.1	1122	26.9 ± 6.3	ns
Mother Physically Active ^b	1486	33.2	1390	37.0	0.03
Father’s age (yrs)	1339	40.8 ± 6.1	1261	41.1 ± 6.2	ns
Father’s BMI (kg/m²)	1149	28.9 ± 5.4	1058	28.8 ± 5.5	ns
Father Physically Active ^b	1486	36.3	1390	37.2	ns
Family history% ^c	1486	29.4	1390	30.2	ns
Mother smoke^d	1486	28.3	1390	24.6	0.03
Father smoke^d	1486	27.3	1390	27.2	ns

Abbreviations: SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, BMI body mass index calculated as body mass (kg) divided by height square (m2).
^a % of students who had moderate/vigorous physical activity for ≥1 h for ≥5 days per week.
^b % of students whose mother/father is physically active (defined as having ≥30 min of physical activity of moderate intensity ≥5 times/week or vigorous intensity ≥3 times/week).
^c % of students whose parents or grandparents had history of early onset cardiovascular diseases (diagnosed before 55 years of age for males and 65 for females).
^d % of children whose mother or father smokes.

Back to article page

ISSN: 1475-2840

Contact us

Submission enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com