Table 4 Key studies assessing the risk of IR/new onset type 2 DM and control of DM in patients with COPD
From: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and glucose metabolism: a bitter sweet symphony
First author and year | Country | Study design | Population studied | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Feary et al.[3]; 2010 | UK | Cross-sectional study using computerized records from 311 primary care practices | n: 1,204,100 (Men-618,090 subjects-51.3%) age: 35–44 years-327,800 subjects (27.2%), 45–54 years-274,375 subjects (22.8%), 55–64 years-254,472 subjects (21.1%), 65–74 years-177,102 subjects (14.7%) and ≥75 years- 170,361 subjects (14.2%) | COPD had OR of 2.04 (95% CI 1.97-2.12) for the development of new onset type 2 DM. |
Song et al.[134]; 2010 | USA | Prospective cohort study with a median follow up of 12.2 years | n:38,570 non-diabetic women mean age-:57.8 years(for patients with physician diagnosed COPD) mean BMI: 26.1 kg/m²(for patients with physician diagnosed COPD) | COPD had a multivariate adjuster RR of 1.38 (95% CI 1.14–1.67) for a new onset type 2 DM. |
| Â | Â | Â | Data on BMI not provided | Â |
Bolton et al.[135]; 2007 | UK | Cross-sectional study | n: 56 patients (30 men) with non-hypoxemic COPD and 29 healthy subjects (15 men) mean age: 66.7 years for COPD patients and 62.9 years for healthy controls mean BMI: 25.7 kg/m² for COPD patients and 26.5 kg/m² for healthy subjects | Patients with COPD had greater levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α sr I and sr II. |
IR assessed by HOMA was 1.68 in COPD patients vs. 1.13 in healthy subjects. | ||||
Log10 IL-6 and BMI were found to be predictive for IR in stepwise regression analysis | ||||
Bayliss et al.[136]; 2011 | USA | Prospective cohort study in patients with established type 2 DM | 2,332 develop chronic pulmonary disease exacerbation (women-1,244, 53.34%), 582 (women-318, 54.64%) developed cancer and 2,959 developed depression (women-1,670, 56.44%) mean age at index date: 62.04 years for depression, 63.2 years for chronic pulmonary disease exacerbation and 65.53 years for cancer mean BMI: 31.09 kg/m² for cancer, 32.01 kg/m² for depression and 32.45 kg/m² for chronic pulmonary disease exacerbation | The researchers did not find any effect of chronic pulmonary disease exacerbation, depression and cancer on the glycated hemoglobin. |