Table 1 Clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects
| Â | Type 2 DM patients n = 309 | Non-DM subjects n = 505 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 65.4 ± 10.4 | 64.8 ± 10.8 | 0.57 |
Gender (Women/men) | 74/235 | 123/382 | 0.90 |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 27.2 ± 3.9 | 25.6 ± 3.4 | < 0.001 |
Hypertension (%) | 252 (81.0) | 348 (68.9) | < 0.001 |
Smoking (%) | 64 (20.7) | 106 (21.0) | 0.93 |
Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 139 (45.1) | 228 (45.1) | 1.00 |
Cholesterol (mg/dl) | Â | Â | Â |
Total | 164.7 ± 33.4 | 175.1 ± 37.3 | < 0.001 |
HDL-Cholesterol | 40.1 ± 11.1 | 44.9 ± 12.7 | < 0.001 |
LDL-Cholesterol | 99.6 ± 28.4 | 110.0 ± 33.6 | < 0.001 |
Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 155.0 ± 96.8 | 138.0 ± 85.4 | < 0.001 |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.3 ± 1.0 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | < 0.001 |
eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 70.8 ± 30.0 | 80.1 ± 24.9 | < 0.001 |
Fasting blood sugar(mg/dl) | 138.0 ± 48.3 | 92.7 ± 14.5 | < 0.001 |
ADMA (μmol/l) | 0.46 ± 0.09 | 0.45 ± 0.10 | 0.12 |
L-arginine (μmol/l) | 88.3 ± 29.7 | 97.3 ± 33.3 | < 0.001 |
L-arginine/ADMA | 196.0 ± 67.0 | 225.0 ± 86.1 | < 0.001 |
Medications | Â | Â | Â |
   Anti-platelet drug | 272 (88.0) | 420 (83.2) | 0.07 |
   Statins | 144 (46.4) | 201 (39.8) | 0.06 |
   ACE-Inhibitor/ARB | 108 (35.0) | 111 (22.0) | <0.001 |
   Calcium channel blocker | 69 (22.3) | 115(22.8) | 0.88 |
   Hypoglycemic treatments |  |  |  |
Insulin (%) | 49 (15.8) | - | - |
OHA (%) | 244 (79.0) | - | - |
Insulin + OHA (%) | 8 (2.6) | - | - |