Table 6 Courtesy [53] Factors that link clinical suspicions to insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and a proclivity to develop T2DM.
I. | Strong family history of diabetes mellitus. |
II. | High risk ethnic background (Aboriginal, Asian, Pacific Islander, Hispanic, African American, Native American Indian). |
III. | Obesity (visceral, omental). Phenotypic changes of abdominal obesity: waist/hip ratio equal or greter than 1 in males and equal or greter than 0.8 in females. |
IV. | Gestational diabetes. |
V. | Macrosomia. |
VI. | Multiparity. |
VII. | Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). |
VIII | Impaired glucose tolerance. Two-hour postprandial blood sugar ranging from 140 to 199 mg/dL after 75 gram OGTT |
IX. | Impaired fasting glucose : 110–125 mg/dL. |
X. | Aging. |
XI. | Hypertension. |
XII. | Dyslipidemia. The lipid triad (increased VLDL, triglycerides, small dense LDL. Decreased HDL). |