Skip to main content

Table 1 Differences in clinical characteristics of women and men with NGT, prediabetes, and T2DM

From: Sex-specific differences in myocardial glucose metabolic rate in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects

 

NGT

Prediabetes

T2DM

Women (n = 12)

Men (n = 8)

P values

Women (n = 7)

Men (n = 4)

P value

Women (n = 8)

Men (n = 18)

P value

Age (yrs)

42 ± 8

46 ± 11

0.3

49 ± 13

55 ± 5

0.3

57 ± 2

54 ± 8

0.4

BMI (kg/m2)

28.5 ± 5.9

29.5 ± 3.8

0.7

30.5 ± 7

25 ± 0.6

0.1

31.2 ± 5.4

31.3 ± 3.8

0.9

Waist circumference (cm)

96.5 ± 13

104 ± 9

0.1

99.5 ± 17

95 ± 6

0.6

104.7 ± 11

108 ± 8

0.3

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

112 ± 16

121 ± 19

0.2

129 ± 10

127 ± 18

0.8

125 ± 11

127 ± 13

0.7

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

71 ± 10

76 ± 12

0.4

76 ± 9

74 ± 11

0.7

73 ± 10

81 ± 10

0.09

Heart rate (beats min−1)

66 ± 4

69 ± 10

0.2

72 ± 11

68 ± 14

0.5

75 ± 9

73 ± 6

0.4

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

194 ± 47

193 ± 29

0.9

200 ± 38

206 ± 27

0.7

161 ± 22

188 ± 40

0.09

HDL cholesterol(mg/dl)

57 ± 11

45 ± 12

0.04

51 ± 6

41 ± 8

0.04

48 ± 7

41 ± 8

0.05

LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

125 ± 39

125 ± 36

0.9

136 ± 41

141 ± 22

0.8

108 ± 24

120 ± 30

0.3

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

117 ± 83

133 ± 75

0.6

118 ± 34

130 ± 53

0.6

156 ± 59

142 ± 77

0.9

Fasting Plasma Glucose (mg/dl)

88 ± 6

85 ± 6

0.3

94 ± 19

99 ± 8

0.6

150 ± 37

140 ± 40

0.5

2-h post load plasma glucose (mg/dl)

111 ± 13

121 ± 14

0.1

149 ± 22

142 ± 1

0.5

–

–

–

Fasting Plasma Insulin (mU/mL)

12.5 ± 5.8

11.5 ± 4.2

0.3

14.2 ± 13

8.4 ± 3.5

0.1

11.1 ± 8

13.6 ± 7.9

0.2

HbA1c (%)

5.5 ± 0.4

5.4 ± 0.6

0.5

5.7 ± 0.3

5.9 ± 0.2

0.5

7.8 ± 0.9

7.4 ± 1.1

0.3

Fat mass (Kg)

24.2 ± 10

23.2 ± 5.2

0.4

26.8 ± 11

18.9 ± 1.8

0.09

25.3 ± 12

26.3 ± 5.7

0.4

Fat free mass (Kg)

45.7 ± 4.3

44.4 ± 6.1

0.1

47.1 ± 5.4

58.4 ± 2.1

0.01

46.8 ± 5.0

46.7 ± 8.0

0.9

Fasting plasma glucose concentration at the beginning of the clamp (mg/dl)

80.4 ± 6.2

81.4 ± 15

0.3

78.1 ± 13

83.2 ± 20

0.4

128 ± 25

121.5 ± 24

0.2

Antihypertensive therapy (%)

8.3

37.5

0.21

14.3

25

0.1

62.5

66.7

0.79

Lipid-lowering therapy (%)

8.3

12.5

0.7

14.3

25

0.06

75

44.4

0.45

Glucose-lowering therapy

–

–

–

–

–

–

100

100

0.9

Meftormin (%)

–

–

–

–

–

 

100

100

0.9

Diabetes duration (years)

–

–

–

–

–

–

5.2 ± 4.0

3.9 ± 3.0

0.1

Whole body insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (mg/min × Kg FFM)

9.58 ± 8.3

6.9 ± 6.1

0.4

3.74 ± 1.6

5.6 ± 5.5

0.3

2.54 ± 2.7

3.02 ± 1.7

0.5

Myocardial MrGlu (μmol/min/100 g)

25.7 ± 6.9

28.3 ± 5.4

0.4

16.7 ± 7.2

18.6 ± 6.4

0.6

6.6 ± 7.01

16.9 ± 10.1

0.02

  1. Data are means ± SD, unless otherwise indicated. Categorical variables were compared by χ2 test. Comparisons between women and men were performed using unpaired Student’s t test. §P values refer to results after analyses with adjustment for age. Triglycerides levels were log transformed for statistical analysis, but values in the table represent a back transformation to the original scale
Back to article page

Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840