Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants with plasma atherogenic index measured

N

2659

533

498

816

526

286

Age, years

58.34 ± 8.34

59.83 ± 8.39

57.22 ± 7.99

58.94 ± 8.60

57.79 ± 8.04

56.79 ± 8.06

< 0.001

Gender, n(%)

< 0.001

male

1252 (47.09%)

307 (57.60%)

222 (44.58%)

388 (47.55%)

216 (41.06%)

119 (41.61%)

female

1407 (52.91%)

226 (42.40%)

276 (55.42%)

428 (52.45%)

310 (58.94%)

167 (58.39%)

Education level, n(%)

0.038

Primary school or lower

1851 (69.61%)

379 (71.11%)

342 (68.67%)

589 (72.18%)

362 (68.82%)

179 (62.59%)

Secondary school or higher

808 (30.39%)

154 (28.89%)

156 (31.33%)

227 (27.82%)

164 (31.18%)

107 (37.41%)

Hukou, n(%)

0.005

Agriculture

2271 (85.41%)

482 (90.43%)

420 (84.34%)

694 (85.05%)

438 (83.27%)

237 (82.87%)

Others

388 (14.59%)

51 (9.57%)

78 (15.66%)

122 (14.95%)

88 (16.73%)

49 (17.13%)

Current married, n(%)

2400 (90.26%)

467 (87.62%)

452 (90.76%)

734 (89.95%)

482 (91.63%)

265 (92.66%)

0.113

Drink, n(%)

936 (35.20%)

240 (45.03%)

175 (35.14%)

281 (34.44%)

151 (28.71%)

89 (31.12%)

< 0.001

Current smoking, n(%)

782 (29.41%)

185 (34.71%)

135 (27.11%)

243 (29.78%)

144 (27.38%)

75 (26.22%)

0.027

SBP, mmHg

129.50 ± 20.29

125.79 ± 20.34

130.69 ± 19.71

128.22 ± 19.89

132.11 ± 20.47

133.23 ± 20.64

< 0.001

DBP, mmHg

75.53 ± 11.46

72.45 ± 11.31

76.69 ± 11.57

74.64 ± 10.68

77.18 ± 11.59

78.78 ± 11.86

< 0.001

BMI, kg/m²

23.96 ± 9.91

21.63 ± 2.90

24.63 ± 3.41

23.72 ± 16.92

25.14 ± 3.93

25.68 ± 4.14

< 0.001

BUN, mg/dl

15.94 ± 4.49

16.53 ± 4.85

15.28 ± 4.11

16.07 ± 4.58

16.01 ± 4.54

15.44 ± 3.83

< 0.001

Fasting blood-glucose, mg/dl

121.23 ± 40.56

114.78 ± 27.84

124.01 ± 42.99

116.55 ± 35.65

120.36 ± 37.71

143.33 ± 61.43

< 0.001

Total Cholesterol, mg/dl

198.96 ± 39.88

193.09 ± 34.18

200.67 ± 41.07

196.45 ± 37.45

199.81 ± 37.17

212.55 ± 53.66

< 0.001

Triglycerides, mg/dl

149.54 ± 137.28

70.21 ± 24.63

197.63 ± 77.64

93.65 ± 27.04

136.29 ± 43.80

397.45 ± 267.86

< 0.001

HDL-C, mg/dl

50.43 ± 15.97

67.56 ± 16.07

41.51 ± 8.70

54.71 ± 11.49

45.54 ± 9.40

30.84 ± 7.50

< 0.001

LDL-C, mg/dl

118.48 ± 36.58

113.63 ± 29.22

118.34 ± 38.30

125.13 ± 33.25

127.59 ± 33.96

92.07 ± 44.93

< 0.001

CRP, mg/l

2.75 ± 7.89

2.42 ± 9.09

2.61 ± 8.95

2.76 ± 7.78

3.27 ± 7.28

2.67 ± 3.93

< 0.001

HbA1c, % (mmol/mol)

5.48 ± 0.99

5.37 ± 0.84

5.53 ± 0.94

5.40 ± 0.92

5.53 ± 1.07

5.70 ± 1.31

0.004

UA, mg/dl

4.44 ± 1.23

4.26 ± 1.19

4.51 ± 1.19

4.33 ± 1.20

4.54 ± 1.25

4.85 ± 1.32

< 0.001

AIP₂₀₁₂

0.40 ± 0.37

0.00 ± 0.18

0.66 ± 0.16

0.22 ± 0.14

0.46 ± 0.18

1.06 ± 0.29

< 0.001

AIP₂₀₁₅

0.41 ± 0.30

0.04 ± 0.13

0.39 ± 0.14

0.33 ± 0.12

0.70 ± 0.14

0.87 ± 0.19

< 0.001

Cumulative AIP

1.22 ± 0.90

0.07 ± 0.33

1.57 ± 0.34

0.83 ± 0.23

1.74 ± 0.34

2.90 ± 0.53

< 0.001

Heart disease, n(%)

255 (9.59%)

43 (8.07%)

46 (9.24%)

82 (10.05%)

53 (10.08%)

31 (10.84%)

0.671

Stroke, n(%)

169 (6.36%)

21 (3.94%)

30 (6.02%)

52 (6.37%)

41 (7.79%)

25 (8.74%)

0.042

CVD, n(%)

398 (14.97%)

61 (11.44%)

73 (14.66%)

127 (15.56%)

87 (16.54%)

50 (17.48%)

0.095