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Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to glycemic control status

From: Glycemic control and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease according to triglyceride-glucose index: a large-scale cohort study

Characteristicsa

Overall

N = 9996

Uncontrolled glycemia

N = 5583

Controlled glycemia

N = 4413

P value

TyG index

9.19 ± 0.63

9.33 ± 0.64

9.00 ± 0.56

< 0.001

Age, years

60.29 ± 9.27

60.12 ± 9.30

60.51 ± 9.22

0.036

Male

7502 (75.1)

4082 (73.1)

3420 (77.5)

< 0.001

BMI, kg/m2

26.31 ± 3.21

26.47 ± 3.26

26.11 ± 3.15

< 0.001

Clinical presentation

   

0.977

 CCS

3790 (37.9)

2118 (37.9)

1672 (37.9)

 

 ACS

6206 (62.1)

3465 (62.1)

2741 (62.1)

 

Family history of CAD

1172 (11.7)

655 (11.7)

517 (11.7)

1.000

Prior MI

2623 (26.2)

1507 (27.0)

1116 (25.3)

0.057

Prior revascularizationb

3047 (30.5)

1713 (30.7)

1334 (30.2)

0.640

Hypertension

6945 (69.5)

3848 (68.9)

3097 (70.2)

0.183

Prior stroke

1497 (15.0)

849 (15.2)

648 (14.7)

0.484

PAD

743 (7.4)

412 (7.4)

331 (7.5)

0.849

Current smoker

3053 (30.5)

1811 (32.4)

1242 (28.1)

< 0.001

CKD

229 (2.3)

138 (2.5)

91 (2.1)

0.196

LVEF, %

61.57 ± 6.85

61.33 ± 6.97

61.88 ± 6.68

< 0.001

Laboratory tests

    

Serum creatinine, µmol/L

82.89 ± 18.11

83.03 ± 18.44

82.72 ± 17.70

0.391

eGFR, ml/min/m2

85.27 ± 18.65

84.82 ± 19.03

85.83 ± 18.15

0.007

HbA1c, %

7.41 ± 1.29

8.24 ± 1.13

6.36 ± 0.42

< 0.001

FBG, mmol/L

8.12 ± 2.80

9.11 ± 3.09

6.85 ± 1.67

< 0.001

TG, mmol/L

1.83 ± 1.24

1.90 ± 1.34

1.73 ± 1.10

< 0.001

TC, mmol/L

4.00 ± 1.07

4.06 ± 1.09

3.92 ± 1.04

< 0.001

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.07 ± 0.28

1.06 ± 0.28

1.09 ± 0.29

< 0.001

LDL-C, mmol/L

2.38 ± 0.90

2.43 ± 0.91

2.32 ± 0.88

< 0.001

hsCRP, mg/L

2.66 ± 3.03

2.86 ± 3.12

2.41 ± 2.89

< 0.001

Angiographic data

    

SYNTAX score

12.71 ± 5.47

12.84 ± 5.56

12.55 ± 5.34

0.002

Left main disease

849 (8.5)

493 (8.8)

356 (8.1)

0.186

Three-vessel disease

4765 (47.7)

2784 (49.9)

1981 (44.9)

< 0.001

CTO lesion

1056 (10.6)

590 (10.6)

466 (10.6)

1.000

Thrombotic lesion

202 (2.0)

95 (1.7)

107 (2.4)

0.013

Ostial lesion

1205 (12.1)

697 (12.5)

508 (11.5)

0.146

Type B2/C lesion

7460 (74.6)

4189 (75.0)

3271 (74.1)

0.310

Severe calcification

359 (3.6)

208 (3.7)

151 (3.4)

0.449

Medications

    

Aspirin

7351 (73.5)

4102 (73.5)

3249 (73.6)

0.884

Statins

9688 (96.9)

5404 (96.8)

4284 (97.1)

0.450

ACEI/ARB

2841 (28.4)

1597 (28.6)

1244 (28.2)

0.664

β-blocker

8981 (89.8)

5071 (90.8)

3910 (88.6)

< 0.001

Diabetic therapy

    

 Diet control

892 (8.9)

361 (6.5)

531 (12.0)

< 0.001

 Oral medication

5081 (50.8)

3193 (57.2)

1888 (42.8)

< 0.001

 Insulin use

1756 (17.6)

1397 (25.0)

359 (8.1)

< 0.001

  1. aValues are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and count (percentage)
  2. brevascularization included percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting
  3. TyG triglyceride-glucose, BMI body mass index, CCS chronic coronary syndrome, ACS acute coronary syndrome, MI myocardial infarction, CAD coronary artery disease, PAD peripheral artery disease, LVEF left ventricular ejection faction, FBG fasting blood glucose, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hsCRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, SYNTAX SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery, CTO chronic total occlusion, ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840