Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants, according to the BP categories at baseline
Variables | Overall (N = 2004) | BP categories (mmHg) | P Value& | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 130/80 (N = 407) | 130–139/80–89 (N = 520) | ≥ 140/90 or treated (N = 1077) | |||
SBP(mmHg) | 130.7 ± 19.5 | 109.4 ± 9.2 | 122.0 ± 8.3 | 143.0 ± 16.8 | < 0.0001 |
DBP(mmHg) | 83.6 ± 10.9 | 69.8 ± 5.2 | 82.0 ± 3.5 | 89.6 ± 9.7 | < 0.0001 |
Age (years) | 54.6 ± 13.1 | 47.3 ± 14.2 | 51.1 ± 12.8 | 59.1 ± 10.8 | < 0.0001 |
Male prevalence, % | 39.9 | 29.7 | 41.2 | 43.2 | < 0.0001 |
FPG(mmol/l) | 6.0 ± 1.8 | 5.6 ± 1.5 | 5.7 ± 1.5 | 6.3 ± 2.0 | < 0.0001 |
2hPG(mmol/l) | 6.0 ± 2.8 | 5.3 ± 2.4 | 5.5 ± 2.2 | 6.5 ± 3.1 | < 0.0001 |
LDL(mmol/l) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | < 0.0001 |
HDL(mmol/l) | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | < 0.0001 |
TG(mmol/l)# | 1.29 (1.26–1.33) | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | 1.20 (1.14–1.26) | 1.46 (1.41–1.51) | < 0.0001 |
TC(mmol/l) | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 4.7 ± 0.9 | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | < 0.0001 |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 25.1 ± 3.5 | 23.3 ± 3.3 | 24.4 ± 3.2 | 26.0 ± 3.4 | < 0.0001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 80.1 ± 9.5 | 75.2 ± 9.0 | 78.3 ± 8.2 | 82.9 ± 9.4 | < 0.0001 |
Waist:hip ratio | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | < 0.0001 |
Family history of diabetes% | 18.6 | 24.1 | 18.1 | 16.7 | 0.005 |
Alcohol use % | < 0.0001 | ||||
Currently and Former | 15.0 | 7.4 | 13.7 | 18.6 | |
Never | 86.0 | 92.6 | 86.3 | 81.4 | |
Smoking status % | 0.002 | ||||
Current and Former | 23.1 | 16.8 | 26.0 | 24.0 | |
Never | 76.9 | 823.2 | 74.0 | 76.0 | |
Physical activity % | 0.42 | ||||
Inactive | 38.3 | 35.0 | 40.8 | 38.3 | |
Medium | 34.9 | 35.7 | 34.8 | 34.6 | |
Active | 26.8 | 29.3 | 24.4 | 27.1 | |
ASCVD score (%)* | 3.67 (1.38–8.08) | 0.91 (0.47–2.10) | 2.00 (1.04–3.97) | 6.73 (3.48–11.03) | < 0.0001 |
ASCVD score ≥ 10%, % | 18.0 | 2.3 | 3.8 | 30.3 | < 0.0001 |