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Table 3 Hazard ratios of cardiovascular mortality in association with adiposity variables among people with diabetes

From: Obesity indices and the risk of total and cardiovascular mortality among people with diabetes: a long-term follow-up study in Taiwan

 

No. of deaths

Follow-up person-years

Mortality*

Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)

Unadjusted model

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

BMI, kg/m2

       

 1st quintile

400

102,699

3.89

1.13 (0.98, 1.31)

1.21 (1.05, 1.39)

1.06 (0.89, 1.27)

1.18 (0.98, 1.41)

 2nd quintile

380

102,858

3.69

1.07 (0.92, 1.23)

1.02 (0.88, 1.18)

0.92 (0.77, 1.09)

0.92 (0.77, 1.10)

 3rd quintile

360

103,829

3.47

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

319

100,874

3.16

0.93 (0.80, 1.08)

1.05 (0.90, 1.22)

1.06 (0.88, 1.28)

1.01 (0.84, 1.22)

 5th quintile

289

97,769

2.96

0.89 (0.76, 1.04)

1.25 (1.07, 1.45)

1.16 (0.96, 1.42)

1.06 (0.87, 1.29)

Waist circumference, cm

       

 1st quintile

222

91,959

2.41

0.69 (0.58, 0.81)

0.93 (0.78, 1.10)

0.79 (0.64, 0.98)

0.90 (0.72, 1.12)

 2nd quintile

339

102,613

3.30

0.93 (0.80, 1.08)

0.96 (0.83, 1.12)

0.86 (0.72, 1.04)

0.90 (0.75, 1.08)

 3rd quintile

357

101,872

3.50

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

365

104,516

3.49

1.01 (0.87, 1.17)

0.96 (0.83, 1.11)

0.94 (0.78, 1.12)

0.91 (0.76, 1.09)

 5th quintile

465

107,069

4.34

1.29 (1.12, 1.48)

1.32 (1.15, 1.51)

1.24 (1.05, 1.48)

1.13 (0.95, 1.34)

Waist-hip ratio

       

 1st quintile

162

103,956

1.56

0.45 (0.37, 0.55)

0.61 (0.50, 0.75)

0.60 (0.47, 0.78)

0.67 (0.51, 0.86)

 2nd quintile

334

112,865

2.96

0.86 (0.73, 1.01)

0.89 (0.76, 1.05)

0.92 (0.75, 1.13)

0.92 (0.74, 1.12)

 3rd quintile

273

81,217

3.36

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

522

123,804

4.22

1.27 (1.10, 1.47)

1.21 (1.05, 1.41)

1.31 (1.09, 1.58)

1.23 (1.02, 1.48)

 5th quintile

457

86,186

5.30

1.61 (1.39, 1.88)

1.28 (1.10, 1.50)

1.34 (1.10, 1.63)

1.15 (0.94, 1.40)

Body fat, %

       

 1st quintile

503

98,578

5.10

1.82 (1.57, 2.10)

1.31 (1.12, 1.53)

1.21 (0.99, 1.47)

1.35 (1.11, 1.65)

 2nd quintile

391

106,137

3.68

1.31 (1.13, 1.53)

1.20 (1.03, 1.41)

1.25 (1.03, 1.52)

1.38 (1.14, 1.67)

 3rd quintile

285

100,924

2.82

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

304

101,108

3.01

1.07 (0.91, 1.26)

1.06 (0.90, 1.26)

1.07 (0.87, 1.32)

1.06 (0.86, 1.31)

 5th quintile

265

101,282

2.62

0.94 (0.80, 1.11)

0.99 (0.82, 1.18)

0.95 (0.76, 1.20)

0.88 (0.70, 1.10)

ABSI, m11/6 kg− 2/3

       

 1st quintile

121

90,046

1.34

0.47 (0.38, 0.58)

0.70 (0.56, 0.87)

0.71 (0.54, 0.93)

0.74 (0.56, 0.97)

 2nd quintile

215

110,893

1.94

0.68 (0.56, 0.81)

0.78 (0.65, 0.93)

0.70 (0.55, 0.88)

0.69 (0.55, 0.88)

 3rd quintile

253

89,257

2.83

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

420

111,029

3.78

1.32 (1.13, 1.54)

1.08 (0.92, 1.26)

1.06 (0.87, 1.29)

1.02 (0.84, 1.24)

 5th quintile

739

106,804

6.92

2.40 (2.08, 2.76)

1.41 (1.22, 1.64)

1.31 (1.09, 1.57)

1.23 (1.02, 1.48)

  1. Abbreviations: ABSI, A Body Shape Index; BMI, body mass index
  2. *Per 1000 person-years
  3. Model 1 was adjusted for age and sex; model 2 was adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, leisure time physical activity, and anti-hyperglycemic drugs (n = 24,403); Model 3 included Model 2 variables plus fasting glucose, hypertension, uric acid, cardiovascular disease (including stroke), chronic kidney disease, and cancer (n = 24,257).
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840