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Table 2 Hazard ratios of death from all causes in association with adiposity variables among people with diabetes

From: Obesity indices and the risk of total and cardiovascular mortality among people with diabetes: a long-term follow-up study in Taiwan

 

No. of deaths

Follow-up person-years

Mortality*

Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)

Unadjusted model

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

BMI, kg/m2

       

 1st quintile

2,029

102,699

19.76

1.27 (1.19, 1.35)

1.35 (1.26, 1.44)

1.29 (1.18, 1.40)

1.33 (1.22, 1.44)

 2nd quintile

1,855

102,858

18.03

1.15 (1.07, 1.23)

1.10 (1.02, 1.17)

1.08 (0.99, 1.17)

1.07 (0.98, 1.16)

 3rd quintile

1,636

103,829

15.76

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

1,531

100,874

15.18

0.98 (0.92, 1.05)

1.10 (1.02, 1.18)

1.09 (0.99, 1.19)

1.06 (0.97, 1.16)

 5th quintile

1,273

97,769

13.02

0.86 (0.80, 0.93)

1.18 (1.10, 1.27)

1.16 (1.06, 1.27)

1.11 (1.01, 1.22)

Waist circumference, cm

       

 1st quintile

1,210

91,959

13.16

0.77 (0.71, 0.83)

1.03 (0.95, 1.11)

0.99 (0.90, 1.09)

1.06 (0.96, 1.17)

 2nd quintile

1,604

102,613

15.63

0.91 (0.85, 0.97)

0.94 (0.87, 1.00)

0.93 (0.86, 1.01)

0.95 (0.88, 1.04)

 3rd quintile

1,739

101,872

17.07

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

1,775

104,516

16.98

1.01 (0.94, 1.07)

0.96 (0.90, 1.03)

0.96 (0.89, 1.05)

0.97 (0.89, 1.05)

 5th quintile

1,996

107,069

18.64

1.13 (1.06, 1.21)

1.16 (1.09, 1.24)

1.11 (1.02, 1.20)

1.07 (0.99, 1.17)

Waist-hip ratio

       

 1st quintile

975

103,956

9.38

0.58 (0.53, 0.63)

0.79 (0.72, 0.86)

0.84 (0.76, 0.94)

0.90 (0.81, 1.01)

 2nd quintile

1,662

112,865

14.73

0.90 (0.84, 0.97)

0.94 (0.88, 1.01)

0.99 (0.90, 1.08)

0.99 (0.90, 1.08)

 3rd quintile

1,293

81,217

15.92

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

2,297

123,804

18.55

1.18 (1.10, 1.26)

1.12 (1.05, 1.20)

1.13 (1.03, 1.23)

1.09 (1.00, 1.19)

 5th quintile

2,097

86,186

24.33

1.56 (1.46, 1.67)

1.24 (1.15, 1.33)

1.15 (1.05, 1.26)

1.07 (0.97, 1.17)

Body fat, %

       

 1st quintile

2,507

98,578

25.43

1.86 (1.74, 1.99)

1.42 (1.32, 1.52)

1.34 (1.23, 1.46)

1.42 (1.30, 1.56)

 2nd quintile

1,731

106,137

16.31

1.20 (1.11, 1.28)

1.13 (1.05, 1.21)

1.12 (1.03, 1.23)

1.19 (1.09, 1.30)

 3rd quintile

1,386

100,924

13.73

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

1,410

101,107

13.95

1.02 (0.95, 1.10)

0.99 (0.91, 1.06)

0.97 (0.88, 1.07)

0.98 (0.89, 1.08)

 5th quintile

1,290

101,282

12.74

0.94 (0.87, 1.02)

0.94 (0.87, 1.02)

0.93 (0.84, 1.03)

0.91 (0.82, 1.01)

ABSI, m11/6 kg− 2/3

       

 1st quintile

601

90,046

6.67

0.50 (0.45, 0.55)

0.73 (0.66, 0.81)

0.74 (0.65, 0.84)

0.78 (0.69, 0.89)

 2nd quintile

1,157

110,893

10.43

0.78 (0.72, 0.85)

0.89 (0.82, 0.96)

0.90 (0.82, 1.00)

0.92 (0.83, 1.02)

 3rd quintile

1,182

89,257

13.24

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.00 (Ref.)

 4th quintile

2,002

111,029

18.03

1.35 (1.25, 1.45)

1.11 (1.03, 1.20)

1.08 (0.99, 1.18)

1.05 (0.96, 1.15)

 5th quintile

3,382

106,804

31.67

2.35 (2.20, 2.51)

1.42 (1.33, 1.52)

1.28 (1.17, 1.39)

1.24 (1.14, 1.35)

  1. Abbreviations: ABSI, A Body Shape Index; BMI, body mass index.
  2. *Per 1000 person-years
  3. Model 1 was adjusted for age and sex; model 2 was adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, leisure time physical activity, and anti-hyperglycemic drugs (n = 24,403); Model 3 included Model 2 variables plus fasting glucose, hypertension, uric acid, cardiovascular disease (including stroke), chronic kidney disease, and cancer (n = 24,257).
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840