Skip to main content

Table. 1 Proteomics pairwise analysis of digested pellet deposits from acute COVID-19 and Long COVID/PASC vs fully digested samples from controls and Type 2 Diabetes

From: Persistent clotting protein pathology in Long COVID/Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is accompanied by increased levels of antiplasmin

Digested pellet deposits (microclots) from acute COVID-19 samples vs digested plasma from Control samples

These proteins are present in both sample types; and a fold change value more than 1 = the protein that more prevalent inside the digested pellet deposits from COVID-19 samples. These proteins were concentrated inside the digested pellet deposits

Protein name

Fold change

p-value

von Willebrand Factor

4.5

0.02

Complement component C4b

4.2

0.05

C-reactive protein

18.7

0.003

Digested pellet deposits from Long COVID/PASC microclots samples vs digested plasma from Control samples

These proteins are present in both sample types; and a fold change value more than 1 = the protein that more prevalent inside the digested pellet deposits from Long COVID/PASC samples. These proteins were concentrated inside the digested pellet deposits

Coagulation factor XIII A chain

6.9

0.001

Plasminogen

3

0.001

Fibrinogen alpha chain

4.1

0.0001

α2 antiplasmin (α2AP)

7.98

0.0002

von Willebrand Factor

10.2

0.001

C-reactive protein

11.2

0.007

Serum Amyloid A (SAA4)

17.5

0.01

Complement component C7

20

0.0002

Digested pellet deposits from Long COVID/PASC microclots samples vs digested pellet deposits (microclots) from acute COVID-19 samples

These proteins are present in both sample types; and a fold change value more than 1 = the protein that more prevalent inside the digested pellet deposits from Long COVID/PASC samples. These proteins were concentrated inside the digested pellet deposits

Plasminogen

2.3

0.0007

Fibrinogen β chain

2.8

0.0007

Coagulation factor XIII B

2.7

0.01

Fibrinogen α chain

3.1

0.0002-

Complement component C6

7.5

0.01

α2 antiplasmin (α2AP)

9.2

0.0003

Complement factor 1

25

0.0009

Digested plasma from T2DM samples (after 1st trypsinization step) vs Long COVID/PASC digested pellet deposits (microclots) (after 2nd trypsinization step)

These proteins are present in both sample types; and a fold change value more than 1 = the protein that more prevalent inside the digested plasma from the Long COVID samples

CytoskeletalKeratin, type I

24.7

0.01

Cytoskeletal Keratin, type II

14

0.02

C1q subcomponent subunit B

1

0.03

Digested plasma from control plasma samples vs digested plasma samples from T2DM samples (both plasma sample analysed after 1st trypsinization step)

These proteins are present in both sample types; and a fold change value more than 1 = the protein that more prevalent inside the digested plasma from the diabetes samples

Complement C1r subcomponent-like protein

1.5

0.04

SAA1

2.5

0.03

  1. All sample types underwent a two-step trypsinization process. Controls vs acute COVID-19; Controls vs Long COVID/PASC; acute COVID-19 vs Long COVID/PASC. The proteins showed here are in both sample types; and value more than 1 = the protein more prevalent in a specific digested pellet deposit. We also compared fold changes between digested plasma (after 1st trypsinisation step) of samples from controls and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and between samples from T2DM and Long COVID/PASC (supernatant after 1st trypsinization step only)