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Table 1 General characteristics of the study population stratified for the presence and absence of MetS

From: Reduced circulating sTWEAK levels are associated with metabolic syndrome in elderly individuals at high cardiovascular risk

Baseline variable

MetS

Non-MetS

P value*

n

234

218

 

Age, years

66 ± 6

67 ± 6

0.30

Men, % (n)

47 (103)

47 (111)

1.00

BMI, kg/m 2

30.6 ± 2.9

29.2 ± 3.0

<0.001

Overweight/obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ), % (n)

97 (228)

94 (206)

0.14

Waist circumference, cm

102.6 ± 8.8

96.5 ± 9.8

<0.001

Smoking habits

   

 Current smoker, % (n)

23 (54)

22 (48)

0.82

 Non-smoker, % (n)

77 (180)

78 (170)

Physical activity, METS-min/d

255.2 ± 205.8

289.0 ± 265.0

0.13

Educational level

   

 Primary education, % (n)

69 (160)

71 (154)

0.61

 Secondary or higher education, % (n)

31 (74)

29 (64)

Family history of diabetes, % (n)

31 (73)

25 (55)

0.17

Family history of premature CHD, % (n)

16 (38)

18 (41)

0.49

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

88.6 ± 10.4

84.2 ± 10.0

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

155.5 ± 20.5

149.0 ± 19.2

<0.001

LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL

137.8 ± 32.2

140.6 ± 31.8

0.35

HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL

50.8 ± 12.0

59.4 ± 14.0

<0.001

Triglyceride, mg/dL †

159.0 (116.0, 208.0)

107.0 (82.0, 130.0)

<0.001

Fasting glucose, mg/dL †

105.3 (97.0, 117.6)

91.0 (86.0, 97.0)

<0.001

sTWEAK, pg/mL †

543.0 (367.3, 751.2)

595.6 (418.6, 844.5)

0.014

Urinary ACR (mg/g)

18.1 ± 31.9

12.7 ± 30.3

0.17

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 )

74.0 ± 14.9

75.5 ± 15.3

0.29

Metabolic syndrome components

   

 Abdominal obesity, % (n)

88 (207)

53 (115)

<0.001

 Hyperglycemia, % (n)

69 (161)

10 (22)

<0.001

 Hypertriglyceridemia, % (n)

60 (141)

6 (14)

<0.001

 Low HDL-cholesterol level, % (n)

37 (88)

5 (12)

<0.001

 Hypertension, % (n)

99 (233)

94 (206)

0.001

  1. Data expressed as mean ± SD, or % (number). Abbreviations: MetS Metabolic Syndrome, BMI body mass index, METs Metabolic Equivalents, CHD coronary heart disease, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, sTWEAK soluble TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis, ACR Albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR data was available only for 246 participants; n = 129 in MetS group and n = 117 in Non-MetS group), eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate. †Values expressed as median with inter quartile range. *P value for comparisons between two groups was tested by χ2 test for categorical variables or Student’s t-test for continuous variables.
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840