Figure 5

Cardiac gene expression in isoproterenol-treated rats. The changes in expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnfa) (A), interleukin-6 (Il6) (B), α-myosin heavy chain (Myh6) (C), glucose transporter type 4 (Glut4) (D), insulin-like growth factor (Igf1) (E), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (Dpp4) (F) mRNAs were analyzed using quantitative PCR. Values represent the mean ± SE. n = 8 each. NS, not significant.