Asymmetric dimethylarginine predicts decline of glucose tolerance in men with stable coronary artery disease: a 4.5-year follow-up study

Table 1 Baseline patients’ characteristics by incident deterioration in glucose tolerance

Variable	Deterioration in glucose tolerance (n = 24)	No deterioration in glucose tolerance (n = 56)	P value
Age (years)	57 ± 11	54 ± 10	0.32
BMI (kg/m²)	28.1 ± 4.1	26.6 ± 3.4	0.11
Current smokers, n (%)	5 (21%)	15 (27%)	0.57
one-vessel/multivessel CAD, n (%)	5/19 (21/79%)	16/40 (29/71%)	0.47
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)	71 ± 6	70 ± 5	0.49
Hypertension, n (%)	20 (83%)	42 (75%)	0.42
Mean blood pressure (mm Hg)	95 ± 8	96 ± 9	0.85
Estimated GFR (mL/min per 1.73 m²)	71 ± 10	68 ± 12	0.26
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.5 ± 0.8	2.6 ± 0.7	0.79
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.8 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.4	0.22
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.5 ± 0.8	1.3 ± 0.7	0.40
Hs-CRP (mg/L)	1.9 (0.6–9.1)	1.6 (0.5–8.6)	0.16^*
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	6.0 ± 0.8	5.7 ± 0.8	0.17
Fasting insulin (μU/ml)	13.5 (4.9–50.2)	12.4 (5.3–43.5)	0.04^*
HOMA-IR index	3.50 (1.78–13.8)	3.06 (1.44–10.7)	0.03^*
ADMA (μmol/L)	0.53 ± 0.14	0.46 ± 0.10	0.02^†
SDMA (μmol/L)	0.64 ± 0.15	0.68 ± 0.13	0.27
L-arginine (μmol/L)	68 ± 19	67 ± 20	0.86
Drugs besides aspirin + ACEI + statin
β-blockers, n (%)	17 (71%)	45 (80%)	0.35
Long-acting nitrates, n (%)	23 (96%)	50 (89%)	0.34
Calcium channel blockers, n (%)	8 (33%)	15 (27%)	0.55

Data are shown as mean ± SD, median (range) or n (%).
^* By Student’s t-test for log-transformed data.
^† By Welch’s t-test for unequal variances.
Abbreviations: ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ADMA, asymmetric dimethylarginine; BMI, body-mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; Hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; SDMA, symmetric dimethylarginine.

ISSN: 1475-2840