Cardiovascular disease risk profile and microvascular complications of diabetes: comparison of Indigenous cohorts with diabetes in Australia and Canada

Table 4 Complications of diabetes in urban and remote Indigenous Australians and remote Indigenous Canadians

Complication	Group 1: Remote Australian (n = 36*)	Group 2: Urban Australian (n = 99^†)	Group 3: Remote Canadian (n = 165^‡)	p values
				Group 1 vs 2	Group 1 vs 3	Group 2 vs 3
Peripheral neuropathy	10 (28%)**	9 (9%)	68 (47%)	0.007	0.041	< 0.001
Abnormal 10 g monofilament	7 (19%)	8 (8%)	22 (15%)	0.067	0.566	0.091
Peripheral Vascular Disease	2 (5.4%)	12 (12%)	16 (11%)	0.334	0.418	0.750
Current foot ulcer	1 (3%)	6 (6%)	7 (5%)	0.447	0.578	0.702
Lower Extremity Amputation	0	2 (2%)	0	0.390	-	0.087
Retinopathy	2 (7%)	18 (22%)	31 (24%)	0.070	0.202	0.615
Microalbuminuria ^††	18 (50%)	24 (25%)	67 (41%)	0.001	0.098	0.007
Macroalbuminuria ^‡‡	8 (22%)	12 (13%)	23 (14%)	0.012	0.065	0.298

Data are n (%).
* n = 32 for PVD, 32 for neuropathy, 29 for retinopathy. Note methods differed for retinopathy (Table 1).
^† n = 82 for retinopathy
^‡n = 146 for neuropathy, 145 PVD, 142 foot ulcer, 144 amputation, 124 retinopathy.
**When definition of neuropathy in Group 1 is revised to be that of Group 2 then neuropathy in Group 1 is 19% (n = 6). Note methods differed for neuropathy in Group 3 (Table 1).
^††Comparison across groups excludes those with macroalbuminuria
^‡‡Comparison across groups excludes those with microalbuminuria

ISSN: 1475-2840