Variables | Baseline mean eGFR N (%) | P value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | ≥90 (N=3686) | 60~89 (N=1981) | 15~59 (N=856) |  |
Sociodemographic factors | ||||
Gender | Â | Â | Â | 0.01 |
 Female | 1800 (48.83) | 898 (45.33) | 432 (50.47) |  |
 Male | 1886 (51.17) | 1083 (54.67) | 424 (49.53) |  |
Age (yrs)†| 54.16±10.96 | 64.19±10.18 | 67.22±10.09 | <0.001 |
Lifestyle behaviors | ||||
Smoking | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 2863 (77.67) | 1665 (84.05) | 724 (84.58) |  |
 Yes | 823 (22.33) | 316 (15.95) | 132 (15.42) |  |
Alcohol drinking | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 3200 (86.81) | 1784 (90.06) | 810 (94.63) |  |
 Yes | 486 (13.19) | 197 (9.94) | 46 (5.37) |  |
Exercising | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 1650 (44.76) | 702 (35.44) | 304 (35.51) |  |
 Yes | 2036 (55.24) | 1279 (64.56) | 552 (64.49) |  |
Diabetes-related variables | ||||
Diabetes medical history(yrs)†| 5.22±6.06 | 7.26±7.11 | 11.23±8.57 | <0.001 |
Type of DM treatment | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 Oral hypoglycemic drug | 3045 (82.61) | 1706 (86.12) | 659 (76.99) |  |
 Inject insulin | 69 (1.87) | 15 (0.76) | 10 (1.17) |  |
 Both | 261 (7.08) | 159 (8.03) | 167 (19.51) |  |
 Both not | 311 (8.44) | 101 (5.10) | 20 (2.34) |  |
Drug-related variables | ||||
Hypertension drug treatment | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 2543 (68.99) | 953 (48.11) | 295 (34.46) |  |
 Yes | 1143 (31.01) | 1028 (51.89) | 561 (65.54) |  |
Diabetes-related diseases | ||||
Obesity | Â | Â | Â | 0.18 |
 No | 2581 (70.02) | 1346 (67.95) | 580 (67.76) |  |
 Yes | 1105 (29.98) | 635 (32.05) | 276 (32.24) |  |
Hypertension | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 2517 (68.29) | 967 (48.81) | 305 (35.63) |  |
 Yes | 1169 (31.71) | 1014 (51.19) | 551 (64.37) |  |
Hyperlipidemia | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 2637 (71.54) | 1317 (66.48) | 549 (64.14) |  |
 Yes | 1049 (28.46) | 664 (33.52) | 307 (35.86) |  |
DKA | Â | Â | Â | 0.72 |
 No | 3644 (98.86) | 1963 (99.09) | 847 (98.95) |  |
 Yes | 42 (1.14) | 18 (0.91) | 9 (1.05) |  |
HHNK | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 3642 (98.81) | 1926 (97.22) | 813 (94.98) |  |
 Yes | 44 (1.19) | 55 (2.78) | 43 (5.02) |  |
Severe Hypoglycemia | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 3624 (98.32) | 1942 (98.03) | 810 (94.63) |  |
 Yes | 62 (1.68) | 39 (1.97) | 46 (5.37) |  |
Stroke | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 3522 (95.55) | 1799 (89.80) | 722 (84.35) |  |
 Yes | 164 (4.45) | 202 (10.20) | 134 (15.65) |  |
Coronary artery disease | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 3546 (96.20) | 1799 (90.81) | 726 (84.81) |  |
 Yes | 140 (3.80) | 182 (9.19) | 130 (15.19) |  |
Myocardial infarction | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 3414 (92.62) | 1805 (91.12) | 748 (87.38) |  |
 Yes | 272 (7.38) | 176 (8.88) | 108 (12.62) |  |
Peripheral neuropathy | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 3201 (86.84) | 1660 (83.80) | 600 (70.09) |  |
 Yes | 485 (13.16) | 321 (16.20) | 256 (29.91) |  |
Intermittent claudication | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 3641 (98.78) | 1946 (98.23) | 829 (96.85) |  |
 Yes | 45 (1.22) | 35 (1.77) | 27 (3.15) |  |
Neuropathy | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 3461 (93.90) | 1823 (92.02) | 696 (81.31) |  |
 Yes | 225 (6.10) | 158 (7.98) | 160 (18.69) |  |
Blood biochemical indexes | ||||
Triglyceride (mg/dl) †| 159.98±205.49 | 166.44±191.09 | 190.26±216.96 | <0.001 |
High-density lipoprotein (mg/dl) †| 41.76±11.31 | 40.15±10.91 | 39.30±11.68 | <0.001 |
HbA1c (%)†| 8.59±2.01 | 8.11±1.89 | 8.26±1.92 | <0.001 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) †| 169.61±58.40 | 161.14±59.83 | 162.37±69.18 | <0.001 |