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Table 3 Number of comorbidities and difference in health status domains compared to people with 0 comorbidities

From: Both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular comorbidity are related to health status in well-controlled type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional analysis

 

0 comorbidity n=1290

1 comorbidity n=517

2 comorbidities n=179

>2 comorbidities n=100

Mean ± SD

Beta (95% CI)

Beta (95% CI)

Beta (95% CI)

PF (Physical Functioning)

81.4 ± 20.3

−8.8 (−10.9 to −6.7)*

−14.3 (−17.6 to −11.0)†

−22.3 (−26.6 to −18.0)‡

RP (Role limitations due to Physical problems)

82.1 ± 33.1

−8.2 (−11.8 to −4.5)*

−11.5 (−17.1 to −5.9)*

−26.3 (−33.6 to −19.0)‡

BP (Bodily Pain)

79.8 ± 22.0

−5.9 (−8.2 to −3.5)*

−8.0 (−11.6 to −4.4)*

−13.1 (−17.7 to −8.4)†

SF (Social Functioning)

87.2 ± 18.6

−5.0 (−7.1 to −3.0)*

−7.5 (−10.6 to −4.3)*

−12.0 (−16.1 to −7.9)†

MH (Mental Health)

80.7 ± 15.0

−3.6 (−5.2 to −2.0)*

−4.5 (−6.9 to −2.1)*

−4.6 (−7.8 to −1.5)*

RE (Role limitations due to Emotional problems)

90.1 ± 26.0

−6.0 (−9.1 to −2.9)*

−7.3 (−12.0 to −2.5)*

−10.6 (−16.7 to −4.4)*

VT (Vitality)

69.3 ± 17.7

−5.5 (−7.3 to −3.7)*

−8.6 (−11.4 to −5.8)*

−11.7 (−15.3 to −8.0)†

GH (General Health)

66.3 ± 18.6

−6.1 (−8.1 to −4.2)*

−11.3 (−14.2 to −8.3)†

−13.3 (−17.2 to −9.5)†

PCS (Physical Component Score)

48.3 ± 9.4

−3.3 (−4.3 to −2.3)*

−5.4 (−6.9 to −3.9)*

−9.2 (−11.2 to −7.3)‡

MCS (Mental Component Score)

54.4 ± 8.2

−1.5 (−2.4 to −0.6)*

−1.8 (−3.1 to −0.4)*

−1.6(−3.3 to 0.2)

EQ-5D (EuroQol 5 Dimensions)

0.88 ± 0.16

−0.06 (−0.08 to −0.05)*

−0.07 (−0.10 to −0.05)*

−0.11 (−0.15 to −0.08)*

EQ VAS (EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale)

78.7 ± 13.8

−4.8 (−6.3 to −3.4)*

−7.8 (−10.0 to −5.5)*

−8.9 (−11.8 to −6.0)*

  1. Linear regression analyses were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, education, living alone, BMI and duration of diabetes.
  2. * significantly different from the group with 0 comorbidity.
  3. † significantly different from the group with 0 and the group with 1 comorbidity.
  4. ‡ significantly different from the groups with 0, 1 and 2 comorbidities.
  5. SD, standard deviation; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.