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  1. The last decades have provided insights into vitamin D physiology linked to glucose homeostasis. Uncertainties remain in obesity due to its intrinsic effects on vitamin D and glucose tolerance.

    Authors: Mattia Bellan, Gabriele Guzzaloni, Maura Rinaldi, Elena Merlotti, Carlotta Ferrari, Antonella Tagliaferri, Mario Pirisi, Gianluca Aimaretti, Massimo Scacchi and Paolo Marzullo
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:57
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  2. Non-fasting triglyceride-rich lipoproteins cholesterol (TRL-C) contributes to cardiovascular risk, in that it includes remnant cholesterol (RC). TRL-C is computed as total C - [LDL-C + HDL-C]. Such calculation...

    Authors: Michel P Hermans, Sylvie A Ahn and Michel F Rousseau
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:56
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  3. A chronic increase in blood flow in resistance arteries is associated with increased lumen diameter (outward remodeling) and improved endothelium (NO)-mediated relaxation. Flow-mediated remodeling of resistanc...

    Authors: Mohamed L Freidja, Emilie Vessières, Bertrand Toutain, Anne-Laure Guihot, Marc-Antoine Custaud, Laurent Loufrani, Céline Fassot and Daniel Henrion
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:55
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  4. Saturated fatty acid-rich high fat (HF) diets trigger abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiac dysfunction. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of nascent obesity on the ...

    Authors: Evangelia Mourmoura, Valérie Chaté, Karine Couturier, Brigitte Laillet, Guillaume Vial, Jean-Paul Rigaudiere, Béatrice Morio, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, Kasra Azarnoush and Luc Demaison
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:54
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  5. The receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and its ligand growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) are involved in the diabetic vascular disease. The aim of this study was to explore the role of Gas6/Axl system in high g...

    Authors: Chien-Hsing Lee, Yi-Shing Shieh, Fone-Ching Hsiao, Feng-Chih Kuo, Chih-Yuan Lin, Chang-Hsun Hsieh and Yi-Jen Hung
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:53
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  6. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis, is a heterodimer consisting of HIF-1α and HIF-1β subunits, and is implicated in calcification of cartilage and vasculature. The goa...

    Authors: Gang Li, Wei-hua Lu, Rong Ai, Jian-hong Yang, Fang Chen and Zhong-zhi Tang
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:52
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  7. The circulating soluble TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) is a cytokine that modulates inflammatory and atherogenic reactions related to cardiometabolic risk. We investigated the association between ...

    Authors: Andrés Díaz-López, Mònica Bulló, Matilde R Chacón, Ramón Estruch, Joan Vendrell, Javier Díez-Espino, Montserrat Fitó, Dolores Corella and Jordi Salas-Salvadó
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:51
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  8. Obesity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Renal dopamine D1-like receptor-mediated diuresis and natriuresis are impaired in the obese Zucker rat, an obesity-related hypertensive rat mod...

    Authors: Jinjuan Fu, Yu Han, Hongyong Wang, Zhen Wang, Yukai Liu, Xingjian Chen, Yue Cai, Weiwei Guan, Di Yang, Laureano D Asico, Lin Zhou, Pedro A Jose and Chunyu Zeng
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:50
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  9. Liraglutide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, has several non- glycemic properties, but its effect on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a recognized marker of subclinical atheroscleros...

    Authors: Manfredi Rizzo, Manisha Chandalia, Angelo Maria Patti, Vittoria Di Bartolo, Ali A Rizvi, Giuseppe Montalto and Nicola Abate
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:49
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  10. A plasma glucose value ≥155 mg/dl for 1-hour post-load plasma glucose during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is able to identify subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) at high-risk for type-2 diabe...

    Authors: Angela Sciacqua, Maria Perticone, Nadia Grillo, Tania Falbo, Giuseppe Bencardino, Elvira Angotti, Franco Arturi, Giuseppe Parlato, Giorgio Sesti and Francesco Perticone
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:48
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  11. Adiponectin’s effects on systemic physiology and cell-specific responses are well-defined, but little is known about how this insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory adipokine reaches its target cells. All m...

    Authors: Joseph M Rutkowski, Nils Halberg, Qiong A Wang, William L Holland, Jonathan Y Xia and Philipp E Scherer
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:47
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  12. Pregestational diabetes is a major risk factor of congenital heart defects (CHDs). Glutathione is depleted and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is elevated in diabetes. In the present study, we aimed t...

    Authors: Hoda Moazzen, Xiangru Lu, Noelle L Ma, Thomas J Velenosi, Brad L Urquhart, Lambertus J Wisse, Adriana C Gittenberger-de Groot and Qingping Feng
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:46
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  13. There has been controversy over the diagnostic thresholds of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) for diabetes. In addition, no study has examined the thresholds of glycated albumin (GA) and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) for di...

    Authors: Naoko Mukai, Miho Yasuda, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Jun Hata, Yoichiro Hirakawa, Fumie Ikeda, Masayo Fukuhara, Taeko Hotta, Masafumi Koga, Udai Nakamura, Dongchon Kang, Takanari Kitazono and Yutaka Kiyohara
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:45
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  15. Heart failure with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is often associated with insulin resistance and inflammation. Recent studies have shown that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors improve glucose metabo...

    Authors: Toru Miyoshi, Kazufumi Nakamura, Masashi Yoshida, Daiji Miura, Hiroki Oe, Satoshi Akagi, Hiroki Sugiyama, Kaoru Akazawa, Tomoko Yonezawa, Jun Wada and Hiroshi Ito
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:43
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  16. Diabetes is known to impair the number and function of endothelial progenitor cells in the circulation, causing structural and functional alterations in the micro- and macro-vasculature. The aim of this study ...

    Authors: Daniel Barthelmes, Ling Zhu, Weiyong Shen, Mark C Gillies and Mohammad R Irhimeh
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:42
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  17. Vaspin is an adipocytokine that was recently identified in the visceral adipose tissue of diabetic rats and has anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic effects. We hypothesized that vaspin prevents inflammatory cyt...

    Authors: Chang Hee Jung, Min Jung Lee, Yu Mi Kang, Yoo La Lee, Hae Kyeong Yoon, Sang-Wook Kang, Woo Je Lee and Joong-Yeol Park
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:41
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  19. We examined the effect of chronic administration of angiotensin IV (AngIV) on the vascular alterations induced by type 1 diabetes in mice.

    Authors: Mohamad Nasser, Nicolas Clere, Laurent Botelle, James Javellaud, Nicole Oudart, Sébastien Faure and Jean-Michel Achard
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:40
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  20. Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common causes of cardiovascular disease as it causes arterial stiffness changes. The purpose of this study is to characterize, in vivo, carotid arterial structural and functi...

    Authors: Li Zhang, Ji-Kai Yin, Yun-You Duan, Xi Liu, Lei Xu, Jia Wang, Yi-Lin Yang, Li-Jun Yuan and Tie-Sheng Cao
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:39
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  21. Cyclophilin A, an immunophilin is secreted from human monocytes activated by high glucose. Given its role as an inflammatory mediator of vascular tissue damage associated with inflammation and oxidative stress...

    Authors: Surya Ramachandran, Anila Venugopal, V Raman Kutty, Vinitha A, Divya G, V Chitrasree, Ajit Mullassari, N S Pratapchandran, K R Santosh, M Radhakrishna Pillai and C C Kartha
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:38
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  22. Alterations in extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microparticles, contribute to cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that obesity could favour enhanced release of EVs from adipose tissue, ...

    Authors: Mariëtte EG Kranendonk, Dominique PV de Kleijn, Eric Kalkhoven, Danny A Kanhai, Cuno SPM Uiterwaal, Yolanda van der Graaf, Gerard Pasterkamp and Frank LJ Visseren
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:37
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  23. Liraglutide treatment can improve glycemic control with a concomitant weight loss, but the underlying mechanism on weight loss is not completely understood. Cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) can resist body f...

    Authors: Chun-Jun Li, Qian Yu, Pei Yu, Tie-Lian Yu, Qiu-Mei Zhang, Shan Lu and De-Min Yu
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:36
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  24. Resveratrol is a natural compound that affects energy metabolism and is also known to possess an array of cardioprotective effects. However, its overall effects on energy metabolism and the underlying mechanis...

    Authors: Ren-Hong Du, Ting Dai, Wen-Jing Cao, Ming Lu, Jian-hua Ding and Gang Hu
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:35
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  25. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is associated with higher cardiovascular risk partly related to an increase in inflammatory parameters. The aim of this study was to determine the association of inflammatory bio...

    Authors: Irene Vinagre, José Luis Sánchez-Quesada, Juan Sánchez-Hernández, David Santos, Jordi Ordoñez-Llanos, Alberto De Leiva and Antonio Pérez
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:34
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  27. The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin, a new anti-diabetic medicine, is effective in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus by increasing the activation and duration of action of glucagon-like peptide-1....

    Authors: Yanmei Zeng, Chenzhong Li, Meiping Guan, Zongji Zheng, Jingjing Li, Wenwei Xu, Ling Wang, Feiying He and Yaoming Xue
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:32
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  28. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). One important feature underlying the pathophysiology of many types of CVD is microvascular dysfunction. Although com...

    Authors: Cristiane Aoqui, Stefan Chmielewski, Elias Scherer, Ruth Eißler, Daniel Sollinger, Irina Heid, Rickmer Braren, Christoph Schmaderer, Remco TA Megens, Christian Weber, Uwe Heemann, Matthias Tschöp and Marcus Baumann
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:31
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  29. Azilsartan, an angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker (ARB), has a higher affinity for and slower dissociation from AT1 receptors and shows stronger inverse agonism compared to other ARBs. Possible benef...

    Authors: Sachiko Matsumoto, Michio Shimabukuro, Daiju Fukuda, Takeshi Soeki, Ken Yamakawa, Hiroaki Masuzaki and Masataka Sata
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:30
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  31. The Editors of Cardiovascular Diabetology wish to thank all reviewers, both Editorial Board Members and external referees, who contributed to the journal in 2013 (Volume 12), and whose enthusiastic support in ...

    Authors: Alexander Tenenbaum and Enrique Fisman
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:18
    Content type: Reviewer acknowledgement Published on:

  32. Individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at high risk for the development of hypertension, contributing to cardiovascular complications. Hyperglycaemia-mediated neurohormonal activation increases arterial...

    Authors: David ZI Cherney, Bruce A Perkins, Nima Soleymanlou, Ronnie Har, Nora Fagan, Odd Erik Johansen, Hans-Juergen Woerle, Maximilian von Eynatten and Uli C Broedl
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:28
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  33. AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates the coordination of anabolic and catabolic processes and is an attractive therapeutic target for T2DM, obesity and metabolic syndrome. We report the anti-hyperglyc...

    Authors: Tharappel M Anil, Chandrashekaran Harish, Mudigere N Lakshmi, KrishnaReddy Harsha, Mallappa Onkaramurthy, Venkatesh Sathish Kumar, Nitya Shree, Venkatachalaiah Geetha, Gundalmandikal V Balamurali, Aralakuppe S Gopala, Bobbili Madhusudhan Reddy, Madabosse K Govind, Mammen O Anup, Yoganand Moolemath, Marikunte V Venkataranganna, Madanahalli R Jagannath…
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:27
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  34. Cardiovascular disease poses a major challenge for the 21st century, exacerbated by the pandemics of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. While best standards of care, including high-dose statins, ...

    Authors: Jean-Charles Fruchart, Jean Davignon, Michel P Hermans, Khalid Al-Rubeaan, Pierre Amarenco, Gerd Assmann, Philip Barter, John Betteridge, Eric Bruckert, Ada Cuevas, Michel Farnier, Ele Ferrannini, Paola Fioretto, Jacques Genest, Henry N Ginsberg, Antonio M Gotto Jr…
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:26
    Content type: Review Published on:

  35. The associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) or diabetes mellitus (DM) on long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have not been extensively evaluated. The aim of the present study was ...

    Authors: Ville Hällberg, Ari Palomäki, Jorma Lahtela, Seppo Voutilainen, Matti Tarkka and Matti Kataja
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:25
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  36. The liver-specific glucokinase knockout (gckw/–) mouse experiences long-term hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. This study was designed to evaluate the functional and structural changes in the myocardium of 60...

    Authors: Hui Li, Xi Wang, Yiqing Mao, Ruobi Hu, Wei Xu, Zhen Lei, Na Zhou, Ling Jin, Tingting Guo, Zhixin Li, David M Irwin, Gang Niu and Huanran Tan
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:24
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  37. Obesity and particularly the metabolic syndrome, which is often associated with obesity, combine a major risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence indicate obesity-associated subcl...

    Authors: Angelika Neuhofer, Bernhard Wernly, Lukas Leitner, Alisina Sarabi, Nicole G Sommer, Günther Staffler, Maximilian Zeyda and Thomas M Stulnig
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:23
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  38. Early menarche has been linked to higher risk of type 2 diabetes in Western and Asian societies, yet whether age at menarche is associated with diabetes in Latin America, where puberty and diabetes may have di...

    Authors: Noel T Mueller, Bruce B Duncan, Sandhi M Barreto, Dora Chor, Marina Bessel, Estela ML Aquino, Mark A Pereira and Maria Inês Schmidt
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:22
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  39. An impaired endothelial function has been recognized in the early stage of atherosclerosis, and is a major factor affecting the future development of cardiovascular events. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is w...

    Authors: Jun-ichi Oyama, Yukihito Higashi and Koichi Node
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:21
    Content type: Review Published on:

  40. To investigate whether flow-mediated dilation (FMD) impairment, which precedes overt atherosclerosis, is associated with silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) and asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) in type ...

    Authors: Minh Tuan Nguyen, Isabelle Pham, Paul Valensi, Hélène Rousseau, Eric Vicaut, Christelle Laguillier-Morizot, Alain Nitenberg and Emmanuel Cosson
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:20
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  41. Patients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for microvascular complications. Early changes in microcirculation are characterized by hyperperfusion (e.g. in the retina and kidney) and increased pulse ...

    Authors: Christian Ott, Ulrike Raff, Stephanie Schmidt, Iris Kistner, Stefanie Friedrich, Peter Bramlage, Joanna M Harazny and Roland E Schmieder
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:19
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  42. High density lipoproteins (HDL) have many cardioprotective roles; however, in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) these cardioprotective properties are diminished. Conversely, increased fruit and vegetable (F&...

    Authors: Jane-Ann Daniels, Ciara Mulligan, David McCance, Jayne V Woodside, Christopher Patterson, Ian S Young and Jane McEneny
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:16
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  43. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of glimepiride on the levels of biomarkers related to cardiovascular regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

    Authors: Ikuko Nakamura, Jun-ichi Oyama, Hiroshi Komoda, Aya Shiraki, Yoshiko Sakamoto, Isao Taguchi, Atsushi Hiwatashi, Aiko Komatsu, Masayoshi Takeuchi, Sho-ichi Yamagishi, Teruo Inoue and Koichi Node
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:15
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  44. C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP-3), an adiponectin paralog, and progranulin were recently identified as novel adipokines which may link obesity with glucose dysregulation and subclinical inflammation. We analy...

    Authors: Kyung Mook Choi, Soon Young Hwang, Ho Chel Hong, Hae Yoon Choi, Hye Jin Yoo, Byung-Soo Youn, Sei Hyun Baik and Hong Seog Seo
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:14
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  45. Diabetes mellitus (DM) accelerates plaque progression despite the use of statin therapy. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the determinants of atheroma progression in statin-treated patients wit...

    Authors: Tsuyoshi Nozue, Shingo Yamamoto, Shinichi Tohyama, Kazuki Fukui, Shigeo Umezawa, Yuko Onishi, Tomoyuki Kunishima, Akira Sato, Toshihiro Nozato, Shogo Miyake, Youichi Takeyama, Yoshihiro Morino, Takao Yamauchi, Toshiya Muramatsu, Kiyoshi Hibi, Mitsuyasu Terashima…
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:13
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  46. Coronary heart disease and type-2 diabetes are both major global health burdens associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Following MI, ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a signi...

    Authors: Sophie J Clarke, Liam M McCormick and David P Dutka
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:12
    Content type: Review Published on:

  47. Cardiomyopathy and distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN), including sensory and autonomic dysfunction, often co-occur in diabetic mellitus (DM) patients. However, the temporal relationship and progression b...

    Authors: Maria N Marangoni, Scott T Brady, Shamim A Chowdhury and Mariann R Piano
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:11
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  48. The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin plays a key role in the regulation of appetite and body weight. Recent studies have suggested that leptin is also involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related atheroscle...

    Authors: Tomoaki Morioka, Masanori Emoto, Yuko Yamazaki, Naoya Kawano, Satoshi Imamura, Ryutaro Numaguchi, Hiromi Urata, Koka Motoyama, Katsuhito Mori, Shinya Fukumoto, Hidenori Koyama, Tetsuo Shoji and Masaaki Inaba
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:10
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  49. The complement system is part of the immune system in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Adiponectin has anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Adiponectin and C1q form a protein complex in blood, and ...

    Authors: Ken Kishida, Yasuhiko Nakagawa, Hironori Kobayashi, Toru Mazaki, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Koji Yanagi, Tohru Funahashi and Iichiro Shimomura
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:9
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  50. High blood and tissue concentrations of glucose and advanced glycation end-products are believed to play an important role in the development of vascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) a...

    Authors: Tali Zitman-Gal, Janice Green, Metsada Pasmanik-Chor, Eliezer Golan, Jacques Bernheim and Sydney Benchetrit
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:8
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:
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ISSN: 1475-2840