Fig. 4
Mediation analysis of the change of Lp(a) level for the relationship between evolocumab treatment and change of PCAT density. A The total effect of evolocumab on change of PCATRCA density is − 6.63 (95% CI − 8.53, − 4.99, p < 0.001). The changes of Lp(a) level had a significant indirect effect (β = − 4.61, 95% CI − 6.11, − 3.10, p < 0.001) and mediated 69.8% (p < 0.001) for the relationship evolocumab treatment and change of PCATRCA density. B The changes of Lp(a) level had a significant indirect effect (β = − 4.40, 95% CI − 5.83, − 2.95, p < 0.001) and mediated 74.7% (p < 0.001) for the relationship evolocumab treatment and change of PCATLAD density. C The changes of Lp(a) level had a significant indirect effect (β = - 4.36, 95% CI − 5.79, − 2.89, p < 0.001) and mediated 66.1% (p < 0.001) for the relationship between evolocumab treatment and change of PCATLMT density. *Adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, hypertension, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total plaque volume, noncalcified plaque volume, calcified plaque volume, necrotic volume, as well as high-risk plaque features. CI, confidence interval; LAD, left anterior descending; LMT, left main trunk; Lp(a), lipoprotein(a); LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PCAT, pericoronary adipose tissue; RCA, right coronary artery