Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study population stratified by CMD
|  | Total patients (N = 430) | CMD (N = 221) | Non-CMD (N = 209) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
General characteristics | ||||
 Age (years) | 63.54 ± 9.61 | 63.12 ± 9.13 | 63.99 ± 10.09 | 0.352 |
 Male, n (%) | 254 (59.1) | 130 (58.8) | 124 (59.3) | 0.915 |
 BMI (kg/m2) | 24.99 ± 3.16 | 25.56 ± 3.25 | 24.39 ± 2.96 |  < 0.001 |
 Heart rate (beats per minute) | 76.46 ± 11.41 | 76.65 ± 11.28 | 76.25 ± 11.57 | 0.715 |
Comorbidities | ||||
 Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 22 (5.1) | 9 (4.1) | 13 (6.2) | 0.312 |
 Smoking, n (%) | 86 (20.0) | 44 (19.9) | 42 (20.1) | 0.962 |
 Hypertension, n (%) | 271(63.0) | 135 (61.1) | 136 (65.1) | 0.392 |
 PCI performed, n (%) | 221(51.4) | 101 (45.7) | 120 (57.4) | 0.015 |
 Diabetes, n (%) | 150 (34.9) | 84 (38.0) | 66 (31.6) | 0.162 |
 CKD, n (%) | 31 (7.2) | 20 (9.0) | 11 (5.3) | 0.129 |
 CAD, n (%) | 268 (62.3) | 121 (54.8) | 147 (70.3) | 0.001 |
 1- vessel disease | 114 (26.5) | 54 (24.4) | 60 (28.7) | 0.316 |
 2- vessel disease | 94 (21.9) | 44 (19.9) | 50 (23.9) | 0.314 |
 3- vessel disease | 60 (14.0) | 23 (10.4) | 37 (17.7) | 0.029 |
Laboratory values | ||||
 TyG index | 8.70 (8.37,9.11) | 8.81 (8.43,9.22) | 8.60 (8.31,9.02) | 0.002 |
 TG (mmol/L) | 1.41 (1.05,2.11) | 1.51 (1.08,2.20) | 1.30 (1.00,1.95) | 0.012 |
 FBG (mmol/L) | 5.20 (4.80,6.10) | 5.40 (4.80,6.45) | 5.20 (4.70,5.80) | 0.034 |
 HbA1c (%) | 6.36 ± 1.19 | 6.40 ± 1.08 | 6.31 ± 1.30 | 0.435 |
 CRP (mg/L) | 3.85 ± 6.77 | 3.95 ± 7.74 | 3.74 ± 5.52 | 0.749 |
 Serum creatinine (umol/L) | 72.40 (61.80,83.70) | 72.00 (61.65,84.25) | 72.70 (62.05,82.90) | 0.927 |
 TC (mmol/L) | 3.58 (3.02,4.45) | 3.72 (3.08,4.58) | 3.50 (2.97,4.27) | 0.032 |
 LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.01 (1.50,2.68) | 2.12 (1.51,2.81) | 1.91 (1.50,2.39) | 0.095 |
 LVEF (%) | 61.85 ± 6.21 | 61.91 ± 5.95 | 61.79 ± 6.48 | 0.841 |
Coronary physiological parameters | ||||
 caFFR | 0.94 (0.91,0.96) | 0.95 (0.93,0.97) | 0.92 (0.90,0.95) |  < 0.001 |
 caIMR | 25.25 (20.90,35.30) | 35.10 (29.50,42.25) | 20.80 (16.95,23.15) |  < 0.001 |
Cardiovascular medical therapy | ||||
 Aspirin, n (%) | 302 (70.2) | 155 (70.1) | 147 (70.3) | 0.964 |
 Clopidogrel, n (%) | 241 (56.0) | 109 (49.3) | 132 (63.2) | 0.004 |
 Statin, n (%) | 382 (88.8) | 192 (86.9) | 190 (90.9) | 0.185 |
 ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 198 (46.0) | 100 (45.2) | 98 (46.9) | 0.733 |
 Beta blocker, n (%) | 205 (47.7) | 103 (46.6) | 102 (48.8) | 0.648 |
 CCB, n (%) | 166 (38.6) | 88 (39.8) | 78 (37.3) | 0.595 |