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Fig. 3 | Cardiovascular Diabetology

Fig. 3

From: Lower heart rate variability, an index of worse autonomic function, is associated with worse beta cell response to a glycemic load in vivo—The Maastricht Study

Fig. 3

Figure 3.1 and 3.2, respectively, show the linear associations of lower time- and frequency-domain HRV (in SD) with lower overall beta cell response, assessed from the overall beta cell response composite score (in SD). Time domain HRV was estimated from SDNN, SDANN, RMSSD, SDNN index and pNN50; and frequency domain was estimated from TP, ULF, VLF, LF, and HF. Overall beta cell response composite score was estimated from C-peptidogenic index, overall insulin secretion, beta cell glucose sensitivity, beta cell potentiation factor, and beta cell rate sensitivity. Values per SD are reported in Table 1

Bold indicates P < 0.05

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; HRV, heart rate variability. All abbreviations for indices of HRV are presented in the Methods section.

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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840