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Table 1 Adipose tissue and clinical characteristics of included male patients

From: Serum triglyceride glucose index is a valuable predictor for visceral obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

Variables

Total male

(n = 614)

Non-VO group

(n = 243)

VO group

(n = 371)

p value

Age (years)

53.01 ± 11.91

53.44 ± 12.18

52.73 ± 11.73

0.464

DM duration (years)

7.93 ± 6.86

8.40 ± 7.34

7.61 ± 6.52

0.174

BMI (kg/m2)

26.05 ± 3.62

23.65 ± 2.58

27.62 ± 3.33

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

135.50 ± 17.41

132.19 ± 16.86

137.6 8 ± 17.44

0.564

DBP (mmHg)

82.35 ± 13.1

79.19 ± 11.68

84.42 ± 13.58

< 0.001

Hemoglobin (g/L)

146.20 ± 19.40

142.31 ± 22.85

148.77 ± 16.26

< 0.001

Creatinine (µmol/L)

66.35 ± 15.86

64.01 ± 15.13

67.91 ± 16.17

0.003

Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L)

5.96 ± 3.84

5.93 ± 3.60

5.98 ± 4.00

0.888

TG (mmol/L)

1.51 (1.00,2.43)

1.02 (0.76,1.39)

1.92 (1.39,3.19)

< 0.001

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.57 ± 1.61

4.26 ± 1.09

4.78 ± 1.84

< 0.001

HDL (mmol/L)

1.13 ± 0.40

1.19 ± 0.37

1.08 ± 0.41

< 0.001

LDL (mmol/L)

2.67 ± 1.18

2.60 ± 0.84

2.71 ± 1.36

0.188

Albumin (g/L)

43.88 ± 4.56

43.17 ± 5.00

44.34 ± 4.17

0.003

Alanine transaminase (U/L)

19.40 (14.10,30.20)

17.40 (13.00,24.15)

21.40 (15.20,35.90)

< 0.001

FT3 (pmol/L)

4.59 ± 1.34

4.58 ± 1.49

4.61 ± 1.23

0.302

FT4 (pmol/L)

17.25 ± 7.43

17.25 ± 7.16

17.25 ± 7.61

0.962

TSH (pmol/L)

2.23 ± 1.72

2.02 ± 1.35

2.37 ± 1.92

0.180

HbA1c (%)

8.84 ± 2.18

8.73 ± 2.40

8.92 ± 2.03

0.335

FBG (mmol/L)

9.57 ± 3.96

8.99 ± 4.07

9.95 ± 3.85

0.004

TyG index

9.40 ± 0.96

8.88 ± 0.80

9.74 ± 0.91

< 0.001

VAA (cm2)

168.14 ± 82.77

89.85 ± 34.96

219.43 ± 62.36

< 0.001

SAA (cm2)

131.05 ± 59.61

100.08 ± 44.02

151.34 ± 59.81

< 0.001

VSR

1.34 ± 0.60

0.96 ± 0.40

1.59 ± 0.58

< 0.001

VAD (HU)

-90.03 ± 8.90

-82.64 ± 8.97

-94.88 ± 4.39

< 0.001

SAD (HU)

-92.81 ± 7.79

-89.07 ± 9.55

-95.26 ± 5.07

< 0.001

Cigarette smoking (%)

374 (60.9)

144 (59.3)

230 (62.0)

0.500

Alcohol intake (%)

418 (68.1)

158 (65.0)

260 (70.1)

0.215

Dyslipidemia (%)

353 (57.5)

89 (36.6)

264 (71.3)

< 0.001

Hypertension (%)

291 (47.4)

97 (39.9)

194 (52.3)

0.003

Antidiabetic drugs (%)

513 (83.6)

202 (83.1)

311 (83.8)

0.825

SGLT-2 inhibitors (%)

35 (5.7)

13 (5.3)

22 (5.9)

0.860

GLP-1RAs (%)

1 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.3)

1.000

Insulin (%)

217 (35.3)

94 (38.7)

123 (33.2)

0.168

Thiazolidinediones (%)

39 (6.4)

15 (6.2)

24 (6.5)

1.000

Statin drugs (%)

114 (18.6)

41 (16.9)

73 (19.7)

0.397

Fibrates (%)

11 (1.8)

4 (1.7)

7 (1.9)

1.000

Antihypertensive drugs (%)

215 (35.1)

57 (23.5)

158 (42.8)

< 0.001

  1. Abreviations: DM duration, diabetes mellitus duration; SBP, Systolic blood pressure; DBP, Diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; FT3, free triiodothyronine; FT4, free thyroxine; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; SGLT-2 inhibitors, sodium-glucose transport protein-2 inhibitors; GLP-1RAs, glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists