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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of quartiles of TyG

From: Triglyceride-glucose index, symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis and recurrence risk in minor stroke patients with hypertension

 

Total (n = 1281)

TyG# quartile 1 (n = 320)

TyG quartile 2 (n = 320)

TyG quartile 3 (n = 320)

TyG quartile 4 (n = 321)

P* value

P** value

Age, mean (SD), year

61.6 (11.6)

64.6 (11.3)

62.9 (12.3)

60.5 (11.4)

58.6 (10.3)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Male, n (%)

898 (70.1)

236 (73.8)

213 (66.6)

220 (68.8)

229 (71.3)

0.216

0.494

BMI, mean (SD)

25.4 (3.6)

24.1 (3.1)

25.3 (3.6)

26.0 (4.0)

26.1 (3.3)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

SBP, mean (SD), mmHg

156.7 (22.0)

154.2 (23.6)

158.3 (20.9)

155.4 (20.4)

158.8 (22.6)

0.018

0.011

DBP, mean (SD), mmHg

90.3 (13.8)

88.8 (14.1)

90.3 (13.8)

90.0 (13.8)

92.0 (13.4)

0.041

0.004

NIHSS, median (IQR)

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

0.575

0.632

Onset time, mean (SD), hour

25.7 (19.7)

25.5 (19.4)

25.5 (20.0)

25.5 (19.9)

26.3 (19.8)

0.936

0.617

Prior mRs, n (%)

0.296

0.058

 0

1063 (83.0)

254 (79.4)

268 (83.8)

264 (82.5)

277 (86.3)

  

 1

173 (13.5)

51 (15.9)

39 (12.2)

47 (14.7)

36 (11.2)

  

 2

45 (3.5)

15 (4.7)

13 (4.1)

9 (2.8)

8 (2.5)

  

Smoking status, n (%)

0.634

0.37

 Never

657 (52.6)

154 (49.4)

175 (55.7)

163 (51.9)

165 (53.2)

  

 Previous smoker

70 (5.6)

20 (6.4)

19 (6.1)

18 (5.7)

13 (4.2)

  

 Current smoker

523 (41.8)

138 (44.2)

120 (38.2)

133 (42.4)

132 (42.6)

  

 Drinking, n (%)

438 (35.0)

109 (34.7)

98 (31.1)

110 (35.4)

121 (38.7)

0.265

0.513

Previous history

 

 Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

387 (30.2)

31 (9.7)

65 (20.3)

103 (32.2)

188 (58.6)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Lipid disorder, n (%)

32 (2.5)

1 (0.3)

7 (2.2)

5 (1.6)

19 (5.9)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Atrial fibrillation, n (%)

8 (0.6)

4 (1.2)

3 (0.9)

1 (0.3)

0 (0)

0.103

0.062

 TIA, n (%)

24 (1.9)

9 (2.8)

3 (0.9)

6 (1.9)

6 (1.9)

0.383

0.43

 Ischemic stroke, n (%)

339 (26.5)

109 (34.1)

79 (24.7)

88 (27.5)

63 (19.6)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Carotid stenosis, n (%)

7 (0.5)

5 (1.6)

1 (0.3)

1 (0.3)

0 (0)

0.046

0.031

In-hospital treatment

 

 Antiplatelet therapy, n (%)a

0.827

0.497

 Single antiplatelet therapy

493 (38.5)

130 (40.6)

122 (38.1)

119 (37.2)

122 (38)

  

 Dual antiplatelet therapy

788 (61.5)

190 (59.4)

198 (61.9)

201 (62.8)

199 (62)

  

 Statin therapy, n (%)b

0.749

0.326

 Not used

43 (3.4)

7 (2.2)

13 (4.1)

10 (3.1)

13 (4)

  

 Normal dose

521 (40.7)

139 (43.4)

124 (38.8)

129 (40.3)

129 (40.2)

  

 Intensive dose

717 (56.0)

174 (54.4)

183 (57.2)

181 (56.6)

179 (55.8)

  

 Antihypertensive treatment

833 (67.6)

211 (67.6)

207 (68.1)

218 (70.3)

197 (64.4)

0.469

0.394

 Hypoglycemic treatment

291 (22.8)

21 (6.6)

50 (15.6)

79 (24.8)

141 (44.2)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Laboratory findings

 

 TG, mean (SD), mg/dL

159.1 (111.5)

80.3 (19.0)

114.5 (22.6)

164.1 (42.7)

277.2 (157.4)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 FBG, mean (SD), mg/dL

121.9 (51.8)

89.4 (15.5)

102.2 (19.3)

119.2 (34.5)

176.6 (67.0)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 LDL-C, mean (SD), mg/dL

102.0 (32.8)

89.8 (27.9)

99.9 (28.9)

105.0 (31.0)

113.2 (38.0)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 HDL-C, mean (SD), mg/dL

39.9 (12.3)

43.2 (10.6)

40.4 (10.0)

38.1 (10.2)

37.9 (16.4)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 TC, mean (SD), mg/dL

164.9 (43.6)

147.0 (36.3)

158.6 (35.9)

169.0 (41.7)

184.6 (50.1)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 HCY, mean (SD), mg/dL

3.3 (3.2)

3.8 (4.1)

3.3 (2.7)

3.5 (3.5)

2.7 (2.2)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 PLT, mean (SD), 103/µL

220.2 (66.7)

208.8 (65.4)

223.7 (67.8)

223.9 (66.0)

224.4 (66.5)

0.008

0.004

 WBC, mean (SD),/µL

7183.8 (2083.5)

6758.9 (2177.6)

7088.5 (1893.5)

7364.5 (2109.0)

7512.5 (2075.8)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Uric acid, mean (SD), mg/dL

5.5 (1.6)

5.1 (1.4)

5.5 (1.6)

5.8 (1.7)

5.6 (1.7)

 < 0.001

0.175

Imaging features

 

 Multiple infarctions, n (%)c

447 (34.9)

111 (34.7)

113 (35.3)

103 (32.2)

120 (37.4)

0.585

0.477

 ICASB, median (IQR)d

1.0 (0.0, 4.0)

0.0 (0.0, 3.0)

2.0 (0.0, 4.0)

1.0 (0.0, 4.0)

2.0 (0.0, 5.0)

0.014

 < 0.001

 sICAS, n (%)e

338 (26.4)

76 (23.8)

85 (26.6)

77 (24.1)

100 (31.2)

0.122

0.036

  1. TyG triglyceride-glucose, BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, mRS modified Rankin score, TIA transient ischemic attack, TG triglyceride, FBG fasting blood glucose, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, HCY homocysteine, Ccr creatinine clearance rate, PLT platelet, WBC white blood cells, ICASB intracranial atherosclerosis burden, sICAS symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis. #TyG was calculated as follows: ln (fasting TG [mg/dL] * FBG [mg/dL]/2). aSingle antiplatelet therapy included aspirin or clopidogrel; dual antiplatelet therapy referred to aspirin with clopidogrel. bNormal dose of statin included atorvastatin 20 mg or rosuvastatin 10 mg; intensive dose of statin included atorvastatin 40–80 mg or rosuvastatin 20 mg. cThe presence of multiple infarctions was defined as at least two distinct lesions on DWI (separated in space or discrete on contiguous slices). d ICASB was calculated by summing the different values assigned to each intracranial artery according to the stenosis degree: 0 for no stenosis; 1 for mild stenosis; 2 for moderate stenosis; and 3 for severe stenosis or occlusion. eThe presence of sICAS was determined by a combination of clinical manifestations, the location of the infarct lesion, and the corresponding artery with moderate-to-severe stenosis. SI conversion factors: To convert cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259; FBG to microkatals per liter, 0.0555; TG to millimoles per liter, 0.0113; HCY to micromoles per liter, 7.397; WBC to count per liter, 0.001; and uric acid to millimoles per liter, 0.0595. p*: ANOVA test among the four groups. p**: comparison between TyG quartile 4 vs. TyG quartile 1
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840