Items | Number of studies | ES (95%CI) | P | P*h (%) | P# |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Result of primary analysis | 11 | 1.51 [1.35, 1.69] | \(<\) 0.001 | 82 | – |
Mean age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 \(<\) 60 years | 7 | 1.61 [1.23, 2.11] | \(<\) 0.001 | 93 | 0.41 |
 \(\ge\) 60 years | 4 | 1.42 [1.28, 1.58] | \(<\) 0.001 | 56 | – |
Study design | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Cohort | 3 | 1.44 [1.22, 1.69] | \(<\) 0.001 | 85 | 0.46 |
 Cross-sectional | 8 | 1.57 [1.32, 1.87] | \(<\) 0.001 | 83 | – |
Sample size | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 \(<\) 4000 | 6 | 1.47 [1.25, 1.73] | \(<\) 0.001 | 58 | 0.73 |
 \(\ge\) 4000 | 5 | 1.53 [1.30, 1.80] | \(<\) 0.001 | 88 | - |
Mean BMI |  |  |  |  |  |
 \(<\) 24 | 3 | 1.97 [1.61, 2.42] | \(<\) 0.001 | 30 | 0.01 |
 \(\ge\) 24 | 7 | 1.39 [1.26, 1.53] | \(<\) 0.001 | 75 | – |
 NR | 1 | 1.65 [1.07, 2.54] | 0.02 | – | - |
Adjustment for confounders | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 10 | 1.51 [1.34, 1.70] | \(<\) 0.001 | 83 | 0.81 |
 No | 1 | 1.57 [1.13, 2.18] | 0.007 | – | – |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 8 | 1.48 [1.29, 1.70] | \(<\) 0.001 | 85 | 0.50 |
 No | 3 | 1.59 [1.34, 1.88] | \(<\) 0.001 | 18 | – |
BMI | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 10 | 1.55 [1.38, 1.75] | \(<\) 0.001 | 77 | \(<\) 0.001 |
 No | 1 | 1.21 [1.11, 1.32] | \(<\) 0.001 | – | – |
Smoking | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 9 | 1.55 [1.37, 1.76] | \(<\) 0.001 | 79 | 0.21 |
 No | 2 | 1.31 [1.04, 1.66] | \(<\) 0.001 | 56 | – |
HDL-C | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 8 | 1.66 [1.48, 1.85] | \(<\) 0.001 | 57 | \(<\) 0.001 |
 No | 3 | 1.25 [1.16, 1.35] | \(<\) 0.001 | 32 | – |
Medication status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 5 | 1.64 [1.43, 1.88] | \(<\) 0.001 | 72 | 0.02 |
 No | 6 | 1.33 [1.20, 1.48] | \(<\) 0.001 | 55 | – |
Diabetes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 4 | 1.56 [1.17, 2.08] | \(<\) 0.001 | 91 | 0.72 |
 No | 7 | 1.47 [1.30, 1.66] | \(<\) 0.001 | 73 | – |
Exercise | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 5 | 1.64 [1.24, 2.16] | \(<\) 0.001 | 88 | 0.42 |
 No | 6 | 1.45 [1.29, 1.62] | \(<\) 0.001 | 74 | – |