Fig. 1From: Insights into SGLT2 inhibitor treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy: focus on the mechanismsSGLT2 inhibitors improve mitochondrial function. SGLT2 inhibitors activate the AMPK/PGC-1α signalling pathway, thereby increasing PGC-1α-regulated NRF-1 expression, which increases mtTFA expression and further promotes mitochondrial biogenesis. PGC-1α can also inhibit Drp1-induced mitochondrial fission and activate key enzymes, including cytochrome c oxidase, in mitochondria, which can increase the efficiency of electron transfer. Activation of AMPK, on the other hand, leads to the recovery of abnormal MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1, reducing mitochondrial fissionBack to article page