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Table 2 Association of change in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with incident cardiovascular disease

From: Changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with risk of Cardiovascular Disease among initially high-density lipoprotein-high participants

 

1st quartile (n = 19,457)

2nd quartile (n = 19,802)

3rd quartile (n = 18,890)

4th quartile (n = 18,966)

P for trend

Range, mg/dL

≤-2

-1 to + 6

+ 7 to + 14

≥+15

 

Cardiovascular disease

     

PY

130,976

133,502

126,844

126,065

 

Event (%)

945 (4.9)

1,012 (5.1)

1,030 (5.5)

1,206 (6.4)

 

Incidence/1,000 PY

7.2

7.6

8.1

9.6

 

HR (95% CI)

1.00 (reference)

1.05 (0.96–1.15)

1.13 (1.03–1.23)

1.33 (1.22–1.45)

< 0.001

aHR (95% CI)a

1.00 (reference)

1.05 (0.96–1.14)

1.10 (1.01–1.20)

1.20 (1.10–1.31)

< 0.001

aHR (95% CI)b

1.00 (reference)

1.05 (0.96–1.15)

1.09 (1.00–1.19)

1.16 (1.07–1.26)

0.006

aHR (95% CI)c

1.00 (reference)

1.05 (0.96–1.15)

1.08 (0.99–1.18)

1.15 (1.05–1.25)

0.015

Coronary heart disease

     

PY

132,730

135,197

128,632

128,092

 

Event (%)

341 (1.8)

413 (2.1)

395 (2.1)

491 (2.6)

 

Incidence/1,000 PY

2.6

3.1

3.1

3.8

 

HR (95% CI)

1.00 (reference)

1.19 (1.03–1.37)

1.20 (1.03–1.38)

1.49 (1.30–1.71)

< 0.001

aHR (95% CI)a

1.00 (reference)

1.18 (1.02–1.36)

1.17 (1.01–1.35)

1.36 (1.19–1.57)

< 0.001

aHR (95% CI)b

1.00 (reference)

1.19 (1.03–1.37)

1.15 (0.99–1.32)

1.30 (1.13–1.49)

0.004

aHR (95% CI)c

1.00 (reference)

1.18 (1.02–1.36)

1.14 (0.98–1.32)

1.27 (1.11–1.46)

0.007

aHR (95% CI)d

1.00 (reference)

0.93 (0.83–1.04)

1.06 (0.95–1.18)

1.07 (0.96–1.19)

0.040

Stroke

     

PY

131,981

134,725

128,039

127,417

 

Event (%)

630 (3.2)

642 (3.2)

673 (3.6)

759 (4.0)

 

Incidence/1,000 PY

4.8

4.8

5.3

6.0

 

HR (95% CI)

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (0.89–1.11)

1.10 (0.99–1.23)

1.25 (1.12–1.39)

< 0.001

aHR (95% CI)a

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (0.89–1.11)

1.08 (0.97–1.20)

1.12 (1.01–1.25)

0.077

aHR (95% CI)b

1.00 (reference)

1.01 (0.90–1.12)

1.07 (0.96–1.20)

1.09 (0.98–1.22)

0.243

aHR (95% CI)c

1.00 (reference)

1.01 (0.90–1.12)

1.07 (0.96–1.19)

1.08 (0.98–1.21)

0.318

aHR (95% CI)d

1.00 (reference)

1.17 (1.01–1.35)

1.11 (0.96–1.29)

1.26 (1.09–1.46)

0.013

  1. HR calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model
  2. aAdjusted for age and sex
  3. bAdjusted for age, sex, household income, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol consumption, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and Charlson comorbidity index
  4. cAdjusted for age, sex, household income, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol consumption, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, Charlson comorbidity index, and total cholesterol
  5. dAssessed using the competing risk model to calculate the subdistribution hazard ratio after adjustments for variables in the model C with coronary heart disease or stroke as competing risks for each other
  6. Acronyms: PY, person-year; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840