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Table 2 Multivariable regression assessing the association of a 10% increase of ECV, MBF rest, MBF stress, and MPR respectively with LV diastolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes

From: The independent association of myocardial extracellular volume and myocardial blood flow with cardiac diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cross-sectional cohort study

Predictive variable

LV filling outcome

Basic model β (95%CI)

p-value

Large model β (95%CI)

p-value

ECV (10% increase)

ePFR/EDV rest

− 3.9% (− 7.1, − 0.6)

0.02

− 4.0% (− 7.5, − 0.4)

0.03

ePFR/EDV stress

− 6.4% (− 10.7, − 2.1)

0.005

− 7.9% (− 12.5, − 3.0)

0.002

LA max./BSA rest

5.2% (2.3, 8.2)

< 0.001

4.8% (1.7, 8.0)

0.002

LA max./BSA stress

6.0% (2.6, 9.4)

< 0.001

5.8% (2.1, 9.7)

0.002

Circumferential PDSR

− 4.5% (− 7.1, − 1.9)

0.001

− 4.1% (− 6.9, − 1.2)

0.007

Radial PDSR

0.06%/sec (0.01, 0.1)

0.02

0.07%/sec (0.01, 0.1)

0.01

MBF rest (10% increase)

ePFR/EDV rest

2.9% (1.2, 4.7)

0.001

0.2% (0.05, 0.4)

0.01

LAPEF stress

− 0.5 percentages point (− 1.0, − 0.03)

0.04

− 0.5percentages point (− 1.1, − 0.007)

0.047

Circumferential PDSR

2.3% (0.8, 3.8)

0.003

2.0% (0.5, 3.6)

0.01

Radial PDSR

− 0.04%/sec (− 0.07, − 0.01)

0.003

− 0.03%/sec (− 0.06, − 0.004)

0.03

MBF Stress (10% increase)

LA max./BSA stress

− 1.2% (− 2.2, − 0.1)

0.03

0.09

Circumferential PDSR

1.1% (0.2, 2.0)

0.02

0.4

Lateral e’

1.2% (0.2, 2.2)

0.02

1.4% (0.01, 2.7)

0.03

Average E/e’

− 1.8% (− 2.8, − 0.8)

 < 0.001

− 1.4% (− 2.7, − 0.1)

0.04

MPR (10% increase)

LA max./BSA stress

− 1.0% (− 2.0, − 0.03)

0.045

0.08

Lateral e’

2.3% (0.5, 4.2)

0.01

2.7% (0.2, 5.3)

0.035

Average E/e’

− 3.4% (− 5.2, − 1.5)

 < 0.001

− 2.8% (− 5.4, − 0.3)

0.03

  1. The Association of ECV, MBF rest, MBF stress and MPR with all of the chosen LV diastolic parameters were performed but here the non-Significant associations are not shown. The basic model was adjusted for age, sex, and rate pressure product. The large model was adjusted for age, sex, rate pressure product, duration of diabetes, body mass index, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, albuminuria, retinopathy, autonomic neuropathy, and periphery neuropathy, in addition to ECV and MBF (rest, stress or MPR respectively). Thus, in the large multivariable model, associations with ECV were adjusted for perfusion indices and vice versa
  2. EDV, end-diastolic volume; ECV, extra cellular volume; MBF, myocardial blood flow; MPR, myocardial perfusion reserve; ePFR, early peak filling rate; BSA, body surface area; LAPEF, left atrial passive emptying fraction; PDSR, peak diastolic strain rate; E, Early mitral inflow; Lat e’, lateral myocardial tissue velocity