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Table 2 Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals of uACR for heart failure

From: Elevated urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio increases the risk of new-onset heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes

uACR category

No

Median follow-up (years)

Incident heart failure (%)

Incidence rate (/1000 person-years)

Model1

Model 2

Model 3

 < 3 mg/mmol

6120

4.04

72 (1.18)

2.89

1

1

1

3–30 mg/mmol

2611

4.06

84 (3.22)

8.10

2.81 (2.05, 3.84)

2.48 (1.81, 3.41)

2.21 (1.59, 3.06)

 ≥ 30 mg/mmol

556

4.08

60 (10.79)

29.29

10.13 (7.19, 14.27)

8.39 (5.94, 11.86)

6.02 (4.11, 8.80)

ln(uACR), Per 1 SD

9287

4.05

216 (2.13)

5.79

2.15 (1.94, 2.37)

2.06 (1.85, 2.28)

1.89 (1.68, 2.13)

  1. Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age and sex; Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, SBP, BMI, total cholesterol, HbA1c, eGFR, hemoglobin, smoking, anti-diabetic treatment, antihypertensive treatment, CHD and atrial fibrillation