Table 3 Number of events, event rate and relative risks for any retinopathy, i.e. mild to severe retinopathy, and kidney disease, i.e. microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria, in children and adults with type 1 diabetes

Retinopathy

 eGDR ≥ 8

5040 (24.7)

4.11 (3.99–4.22)

REF

REF

REF

 6 ≤ eGDR < 8

1909 (48.1)

7.47 (7.13–7.80)

1.61 (1.53–1.70) < 0.001

1.47 (1.40–1.55) < 0.001

1.29 (1.20–1.40) < 0.001

 4 ≤ eGDR < 6

504 (52.3)

8.85 (8.08–9.62)

1.91 (1.74–2.09) < 0.001

1.57 (1.43–1.72) < 0.001

1.50 (1.31–1.71) < 0.001

 eGDR < 4

179 (57.6)

9.63 (8.22–11.05)

2.28 (1.96–2.66) < 0.001

1.73 (1.49–2.02) < 0.001

1.74 (1.41–2.14) < 0.001

PPDR/PDR/Laser photocoagulation vs. non/simplex

 eGDR ≥ 8

233 (1.1)

0.17 (0.15–0.19)

REF

REF

REF

 6 ≤ eGDR < 8

181 (4.6)

0.57 (0.49–0.66)

2.56 (2.10–3.11) < 0.001

2.33 (1.92–2.84) < 0.001

1.71 (1.32–2.22) < 0.001

 4 ≤ eGDR < 6

52 (5.5)

0.73 (0.53–0.92)

3.06 (2.26–4.14) < 0.001

2.52 (1.86–3.42) < 0.001

1.53 (1.00–2.34) 0.051

 eGDR < 4

23 (7.4)

1.05 (0.62–1.48)

4.58 (2.98–7.05) < 0.001

3.45 (2.24–5.32) < 0.001

1.66 (0.90–3.07) 0.11

PDR/Laser photocoagulation vs. non/simplex/PPDR

 eGDR ≥ 8

82 (0.4)

0.06 (0.05–0.07)

REF

REF

REF

 6 ≤ eGDR < 8

60 (1.5)

0.19 (0.14–0.24)

2.45 (1.75–3.44) < 0.001

2.19 (1.56–3.07) < 0.001

1.45 (0.93–2.25) 0.10

 4 ≤ eGDR < 6

21 (2.2)

0.29 (0.17–0.41)

3.50 (2.16–5.68) < 0.001

2.82 (1.74–4.58) < 0.001

1.13 (0.56–2.25) 0.73

 eGDR < 4

11 (3.5)

0.49 (0.20–0.79)

6.06 (3.21–11.46) < 0.001

4.45 (2.35–8.43) < 0.001

0.91 (0.34–2.40) 0.85

Kidney disease

eGDR ≥ 8

1321 (6.5)

0.92 (0.87–0.97)

REF

REF

REF

 6 ≤ eGDR < 8

526 (13.3)

1.53 (1.40–1.66)

1.64 (1.48–1.82) < 0.001

1.53 (1.38–1.69) < 0.001

1.30 (1.11–1.52) 0.001

 4 ≤ eGDR < 6

255 (26.8)

3.20 (2.81–3.59)

3.45 (3.01–3.94) < 0.001

3.07 (2.68–3.52) < 0.001

1.58 (1.25–1.99) < 0.001

 eGDR < 4

145 (46.6)

5.72 (4.79–6.65)

6.19 (5.21–7.36) < 0.001

5.21 (4.36–6.21) < 0.001

1.33 (0.95–1.86) 0.097

Microalbuminuria vs. non-albuminuria

 eGDR ≥ 8

1251 (6.1)

0.88 (0.83–0.93)

REF

REF

REF

 6 ≤ eGDR < 8

489 (12.3)

1.45 (1.32–1.58)

1.62 (1.46–1.80)  < 0.001

1.52 (1.37–1.69)  < 0.001

1.34 (1.15–1.58)  < 0.001

 4 ≤ eGDR < 6

227 (23.8)

2.90 (2.52–3.28)

3.25 (2.82–3.75)  < 0.001

2.94 (2.55–3.40)  < 0.001

1.57 (1.23–1.99)  < 0.001

 eGDR < 4

129 (41.5)

5.39 (4.46–6.32)

6.08 (5.07–7.30) < 0.001

5.28 (4.38–6.36) < 0.001

1.39 (0.99–1.95) 0.060

Macroalbuminuria vs. non-albuminuria

 eGDR ≥ 8

129 (0.6)

0.09 (0.07–0.10)

REF

REF

REF

 6 ≤ eGDR < 8

84 (2.1)

0.23 (0.18–0.28)

2.59 (1.96–3.41) < 0.001

2.14 (1.63–2.83) < 0.001

1.34 (0.91–1.95) 0.13

 4 ≤ eGDR < 6

69 (7.3)

0.78 (0.60–0.96)

8.53 (6.35–11.45) < 0.001

6.21 (4.62–8.36) < 0.001

1.61 (0.97–2.70) 0.068

 eGDR < 4

39 (12.5)

1.34 (0.92–1.76)

14.57 (10.16–20.89) < 0.001

9.15 (6.34–13.21) < 0.001

1.00 (0.48–2.06) 1.00