Table 1 Indices of HbA1c variability, clinical characteristics and measures of arterial stiffness by subgroups
All n = 673 | cfPWV n = 335 | Aix n = 653 | Missing data | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Retrospective follow-up of HbA1c | ||||
HbA1c assessments (n) | 17 (12–26) | 17 (12–28) | 17 (12–26) | 0 |
HbA1c-mean (mmol/mol) | 65 (58–73) | 63 (56–71) | 64 (58–73) | 0 |
HbA1c-mean (%) | 8.1 (7.4–8.9) | 7.9 (7.3–8.7) | 8.1 (7.4–8.8) | 0 |
Adj-HbA1c-SD (mmol/mol) | 6.5 (4.5–8.9) | 6.1 (4.3–8.3) | 6.4 (4.5–8.8) | 0 |
Adj-HbA1c-SD (%) | 0.59 (0.41–0.81) | 0.56 (0.40–0.76) | 0.59 (0.41–0.80) | 0 |
HbA1c-CVIFCC (%) | 10.2 (7.8–13.6) | 9.6 (7.6–13.3) | 10.1 (7.7–13.5) | 0 |
HbA1c-CVNGSP (%) | 7.4 (5.6–10.0) | 7.1 (5.3–9.7) | 7.3 (5.5–10.0) | 0 |
HbA1c-ARV (mmol/mol) | 5.4 (4.1–7.2) | 5.0 (3.8–6.7) | 5.4 (4.1–7.1) | 0 |
HbA1c-ARV (%) | 0.50 (0.38–0.66) | 0.45 (0.35–0.61) | 0.49 (0.37–0.65) | 0 |
Outcome visit | ||||
Male sex (%) | 305 (45.3) | 163 (48.7) | 296 (45.3) | 0 |
Age (y) | 47.1 ± 12.0 | 48.0 ± 11.6 | 47.1 ± 11.9 | 0 |
Diabetes duration (y) | 31.2 (21.2–41.3) | 33.3 (21.2–41.9) | 31.2 (21.2–41.2) | 0 |
Age at onset (y) | 13.6 (9.7–20.9) | 14.0 (9.7–21.1) | 13.6 (9.7–20.9) | 0 |
Height (cm) | 171.5 ± 9.8 | 172.5 ± 10.0 | 171.5 ± 9.8 | 0 |
Waist-to-height ratio | 0.51 (0.47–0.56) | 0.51 (0.47–0.57) | 0.51 (0.47–0.56) | 11 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.3 (23.0–28.2) | 25.9 (23.5–28.7) | 25.3 (23.0–28.1) | 0 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 134 (123–148) | 133 (120–145) | 134 (123–148) | 1 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75 (69–82) | 74 (69–81) | 75 (69–82) | 1 |
Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 57 (49–72) | 55 (48–69) | 57 (49–72) | 1 |
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 95 (89–102) | 94 (88–101) | 95 (89–102) | 1 |
Smoking (%) | 77 (11.6) | 25 (7.6) | 76 (11.8) | 12 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 64 (56–73) | 63 (56–71) | 64 (57–73) | 1 |
HbA1c (%) | 8.0 (7.3–8.8) | 7.9 (7.3–8.6) | 8.0 (7.4–8.8) | 1 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.5 (3.9–5.1) | 4.4 (3.9–4.9) | 4.5 (3.9–5.1) | 0 |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.53 (1.24–1.87) | 1.51 (1.22–1.86) | 1.53 (1.24–1.87) | 0 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.4 (2.0–2.9) | 2.3 (1.9–2.8) | 2.4 (2.0–2.9) | 0 |
Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.94 (0.71–1.32) | 0.92 (0.70–1.37) | 0.94 (0.71–1.30) | 0 |
eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 99 (78–111) | 98 (79–111) | 100 (79–111) | 1 |
Nephropathy (%) | 141 (21.5) | 58 (18.2) | 133 (20.8) | 16 |
Kidney failure (%) | 76 (11.3) | 34 (10.1) | 69 (10.6) | 1 |
History of retinal laser treatment (%) | 263 (39.3) | 128 (38.2) | 252 (38.8) | 3 |
History of CVD events (%) | 99 (14.9) | 47 (14.2) | 93 (14.4) | 7 |
Antihypertensive therapy (%) | 361 (53.8) | 175 (52.6) | 348 (53.5) | 2 |
Statin therapy (%) | 252 (37.7) | 141 (42.5) | 241 (37.1) | 4 |
cfPWV (m/s) | 8.5 (7.1–10.8) | 8.5 (7.1–10.8) | 8.6 (7.1–10.8) | 338 |
AIx (%) | 22 (13–28) | 21 (13–27) | 22 (13–28) | 20 |