Table 1 Characteristics of participants according to RAR quartile
Characteristic | Total (N = 10,267) | RAR quartile | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (n = 2564) | Q2 (n = 2561) | Q3 (n = 2576) | Q4 (n = 2566) | |||
Sex, n (%) | 0.033 | |||||
 Male | 5045 (49.14) | 1300 (50.70) | 1206 (47.09) | 1248 (48.45) | 1291 (50.31) |  |
 Female | 5222 (50.86) | 1264 (49.30) | 1355 (52.91) | 1328 (51.55) | 1275 (49.69) |  |
Age (y) | ||||||
 Total, median (IQR) | 64 (59, 69) | 62 (56, 67) | 64 (58, 69) | 65 (60, 70) | 66 (61, 71) | < 0.001 |
 < 60, n (%) | 2856 (27.82) | 970 (37.83) | 768 (29.99) | 611 (23.72) | 507 (19.76) | < 0.001 |
 ≥ 60, n (%) | 7411 (72.18) | 1594 (62.17) | 1793 (70.01) | 1965 (76.28) | 2059 (80.24) |  |
 SBP, mmHg, median (IQR) | 140 (128, 156) | 140 (129, 157) | 140 (129, 157) | 140 (127, 157) | 140 (125, 155) | 0.002 |
 DBP, mmHg, median (IQR) | 83 (77, 90) | 83 (79, 91) | 83 (77, 91) | 82 (77, 90) | 80 (75, 90) | < 0.001 |
 TC, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 4.58 (3.81, 5.36) | 4.82 (4.06, 5.58) | 4.66 (3.91, 5.42) | 4.53 (3.80, 5.25) | 4.30 (3.52, 5.09) | < 0.001 |
 TG, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 1.44 (1.04, 2.05) | 1.61 (1.14, 2.27) | 1.52 (1.11, 2.10) | 1.41 (1.03, 2.01) | 1.26 (0.91, 1.77) | < 0.001 |
 LDL-C, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 2.76 (2.15, 3.42) | 2.94 (2.31, 3.59) | 2.82 (2.20, 3.47) | 2.71 (2.13, 3.34) | 2.57 (1.97, 3.25) | < 0.001 |
 HDL-C, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 1.06 (0.89, 1.26) | 1.12 (0.95, 1.32) | 1.07 (0.90, 1.27) | 1.05 (0.89, 1.24) | 1.01 (0.85, 1.20) | < 0.001 |
 RDW-CV, (%), median (IQR) | 12.70 (12.30, 13.30) | 12.20 (11.90, 12.60) | 12.60 (12.20, 12.90) | 12.90 (12.50, 13.30) | 13.50 (13.00, 14.20) | < 0.001 |
 ALB, g/dL, median (IQR) | 4.01 (3.78, 4.25) | 4.40 (4.24, 4.58) | 4.09 (3.97, 4.21) | 3.89 (3.78, 4.03) | 3.63 (3.45, 3.80) | < 0.001 |
 RAR | 3.19 (2.96, 3.44) | 2.81 (2.71, 2.89) | 3.07 (3.02, 3.13) | 3.30 (3.24, 3.37) | 3.68 (3.54, 3.99) | < 0.001 |
 Smoking, n (%) | 4432 (43.17) | 1094 (42.67) | 1069 (41.74) | 1108 (43.01) | 1161 (45.25) | 0.074 |
 Drinking, n (%) | 3164 (30.82) | 871 (33.97) | 778 (30.38) | 770 (29.89) | 745 (29.03) | 0.001 |
 Hypertension, n (%) | 7516 (73.21) | 1941 (75.70) | 1905 (74.39) | 1848 (71.74) | 1822 (71.01) | < 0.001 |
 Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 3172 (30.90) | 914 (35.65) | 828 (32.33) | 774 (30.05) | 656 (25.57) | < 0.001 |
 Use of antihypertensive, n (%) | 7559 (73.62) | 1862 (72.62) | 1853 (72.35) | 1919 (74.50) | 1925 (75.02) | 0.071 |
 Use of antilipidemic, n (%) | 7584 (73.87) | 1968 (76.76) | 1957 (76.42) | 1917 (74.42) | 1742 (67.89) | < 0.001 |
 CIMT, mm, median (IQR) | 0.10 (0.09, 0.12) | 0.10 (0.09, 0.11) | 0.10 (0.09, 0.12) | 0.10 (0.09, 0.12) | 0.10 (0.09, 0.12) | < 0.001 |
 Carotid artery plaque, n (%) | 7744 (75.43) | 1829 (71.33) | 1885 (73.60) | 1954 (75.85) | 2076 (80.90) | < 0.001 |
No. of carotid artery plaque, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
 0 | 2523 (24.57) | 735 (28.67) | 676 (26.40) | 622 (24.15) | 490 (19.10) |  |
 1 | 421 (4.10) | 132 (5.15) | 118 (4.61) | 79 (3.07) | 92 (3.59) |  |
 ≥ 2 | 7323 (71.33) | 1697 (66.19) | 1767 (69.00) | 1875 (72.79) | 1984 (77.32) |  |
Carotid artery plaque echo property, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
 Hypoechoic plaque | 512 (6.61) | 124 (6.78) | 130 (6.90) | 135 (6.91) | 123 (5.92) |  |
 Isoechoic plaque | 574 (7.41) | 163 (8.91) | 151 (8.01) | 132 (6.76) | 128 (6.17) |  |
 Hyperechoic plaque | 4312 (55.68) | 1048 (57.30) | 1062 (56.34) | 1080 (55.27) | 1122 (54.05) |  |
 Mixture plaque | 2346 (30.29) | 494 (27.01) | 542 (28.75) | 607 (31.06) | 703 (33.86) |  |